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Muscle Tissue

Marissa Alvarez Histology Graduate Englisch 34 Karten

Muscle Tissue

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  1. 1Muscle Tissue Main Function? Terminology?Main Function:
    CONTRACTION to generate MOTION (muscle must span a joint to achieve this)
    Terminology:
    Sarco- or Myo- to refer to muscle components
    e.g. sarcolemma
    sarcoplasmic
    reticulum
    endomysium    Muscle Tissue Main Function? Terminology?
  2. 2Muscle Types SKELETAL MUSCLE weak or strong? fast or slow? discontinuous or continuous? voluntary or involuntary?Muscle Types SKELETAL MUSCLE weak or strong? fast or slow? discontinuous or continuous? voluntary or involuntary?
  3. 3Muscle Types CARDIAC MUSCLE weak or strong? fast or slow? discontinuous or continuous? voluntary or involuntary?Muscle Types CARDIAC MUSCLE weak or strong? fast or slow? discontinuous or continuous? voluntary or involuntary?
  4. 4Muscle Types Smooth Muscle weak or strong? fast or slow? voluntary or involuntary?Muscle Types Smooth Muscle weak or strong? fast or slow? voluntary or involuntary?
  5. 5Development of skeletal muscle fibers Satellite cells?Satellite cells are the source of muscle REGENERATION after injuryDevelopment of skeletal muscle fibers Satellite cells?
  6. 6Muscle Tissue Endomysium? Perimysium? Epimysium?Endomysium:
    separates muscle fibers
    Perimysium:
    contains bundles of muscle fibers
    Epimysium:
    covers the muscle    Muscle Tissue Endomysium? Perimysium? Epimysium?
  7. 7Organization of skeletal muscle What does each black box represent?Ep: epimysium
    P: perimysium
    En: endomysium
    B: blood vessels
    C: capillaries    Organization of skeletal muscle What does each black box represent?Organization of skeletal muscle What does each black box represent?
  8. 8Depiction of Muscle FIBERDepiction of Muscle FIBER
  9. 9Organization of skeletal muscle: What does each arrows indicate?Organization of skeletal muscle: What does each arrows indicate?Organization of skeletal muscle: What does each arrows indicate?
  10. 10Skeletal muscle banding pattern in H&E histological section: What does each black box represent?Skeletal muscle banding pattern in H&E histological section: What does each black box represent?Skeletal muscle banding pattern in H&E histological section: What does each black box represent?
  11. 11Myosin = Thick Filament Actin = Thin Filament Z line to Z line = Sarcomere (H is in middle of A) (Z is in middle of I)Myosin attaches to A bands)
    Actin attaches to I bands at Z line    Myosin = Thick Filament Actin = Thin Filament Z line to Z line = Sarcomere (H is in middle of A) (Z is in middle of I)
  12. 12Changes in widths of bands during contraction: What does the contracted state look like for I,Z, A, & H?During contraction, the actin and myosin filaments interact.
    The acting are pulled toward the center of the myosin filaments.
    As a result the sarcomeres shorten (Z bands brought closer together).
    In the fully contracted muscle, the ends of actin myofilaments overlap, the H zones disappear, and the I band becomes very narrow.
    *A band remains unchanged    Changes in widths of bands during contraction: What does the contracted state look like for I,Z, A, & H?
  13. 13Changes in widths of bands during contraction: What does the relaxed/rest state look like for I,Z, A, & H?Actin and myosin filaments lie side by side
    *A band remains unchanged    Changes in widths of bands during contraction: What does the relaxed/rest state look like for I,Z, A, & H?
  14. 14Changes in widths of bands during contraction: What does the stretched state look like for I,Z, A, & H?I band and H band grow wider (Z band pulled farther apart)
    *A band is unchanged.    Changes in widths of bands during contraction: What does the stretched state look like for I,Z, A, & H?
  15. 15What is two elements are involved in contraction? Distance actin filaments can travel? How many cycles are necessary for full contraction?Contraction involves:
    repeated binding-movement-release
    cycles between the myosin heads and actin filaments
    The distance the actin filaments can travel during a single stroke is ~10 nm.
    HUNDREDS of cycles are necessary for FULL contraction.    What is two elements are involved in contraction? Distance actin filaments can travel? How many cycles are necessary for full contraction?
  16. 16What membrane system controls contraction? How does it regulate contraction? Where is calcium stored?Special internal membrane system called: TRIADS
    control muscle contraction by regulating
    CALCIUM RELEASE
    Ca is stored in sacs of sarcoplasmic reticulum
  17. 17What are T-tubules? At what junction do T-tubules occur at? What two elements do T-tubules form triads with (HINT: two of the same thing)?T-tubules (orange) are invaginations of the sarcolemma (plasma membrane)
    In MAMMALIAN skeletal muscle:
    T-tubules occur at the A/I junction
    T-tubules form triads with two terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum    What are T-tubules? At what junction do T-tubules occur at? What two elements do T-tubules form triads with (HINT: two of the same thing)?
  18. 18Where are triads located in frogs? In humans?Note that triads are at the Z-line in frogs whereas in humans they are at the A-I junction
    (indicated by *)    Where are triads located in frogs? In humans?
  19. 19Neuromuscular junction: What two main steps occur at the neuromuscular junction?1. Nerve impulse triggers RELEASE of ACh into synaptic cleft. ACh binds to ACh receptor on sarcolemma of motor end plate, triggering the muscle IMPULSE.
    2. The muscle impulse SPREADS quickly from sarcolemma to T-tubules and Ca is released from TERMINAL CISTERNAE of sarcoplasmic reticulum.    Neuromuscular junction: What two main steps occur at the neuromuscular junction?
  20. 20What is indicated by the arrows and what is located here that is involved in the neuromuscular junction?Motor end plates (arrows)
    demonstrated by silver impregnation
    ACh receptors are located on sarcolemma of motor end plate    What is indicated by the arrows and what is located here that is involved in the neuromuscular junction?
  21. 21What fibers are involved with the cardiac muscle and conduction system?What fibers are involved with the cardiac muscle and conduction system?
  22. 22Compare Skeletal & Cardiac muscle Tissues: Fiber characteristics (2 things to compare)? Nuclei characteristics? Innervation?Compare Skeletal & Cardiac muscle Tissues: Fiber characteristics (2 things to compare)? Nuclei characteristics? Innervation?
  23. 23What are the arrows pointing at?Cardiac muscle with visible striations:
    Pointing to INTERCALATED DISKS    What are the arrows pointing at?
  24. 24What are the arrows pointing at?Arrows: Intercalated disks
    (CARDIAC muscle)
    N: Nuclei of myocytes
    F: Fibroblasts    What are the arrows pointing at?What are the arrows pointing at?
  25. 25Cardiac muscle: Intercalated disk What do the blue boxes represent?FA: Fascia adherens
    D: Desmosome
    G: Glycogen
    M: mitochondria
    N: Nexus (gap junction)
    SR: Sarcoplasmic reticulum
    T: Triad or Tubule (not 100% sure - he did not define in powerpoint)    Cardiac muscle: Intercalated disk What do the blue boxes represent?Cardiac muscle: Intercalated disk What do the blue boxes represent?
  26. 26Cardiac muscle T-tubule system: Can you identify all of the filling in the picture?**T-tubules run at Z-lines (middle of I)
    Sarcoplasmic reticulum is less developed    Cardiac muscle T-tubule system: Can you identify all of the filling in the picture?Cardiac muscle T-tubule system: Can you identify all of the filling in the picture?
  27. 27—Purkinje fibers are modified cardiac myocytes interconnected by gap junctions (electrical synapses).Purkinje fibers are modified cardiac myocytes interconnected by gap junctions (electrical synapses).Purkinje fibers are modified cardiac myocytes interconnected by gap junctions (electrical synapses).
  28. 28Smooth Muscle Voluntary or involuntary? Controls? Found?Slow continuous involuntary contraction
    Controls peristaltic motions of tubular structures
    Found in larger blood vessels, the GI system, ureter, bladder,
    reproductive systems and many other locations    Smooth Muscle Voluntary or involuntary? Controls? Found?
  29. 29What is type of muscle tissue is shown?Two layers of SMOOTH muscle
    (wall of the gut)    What is type of muscle tissue is shown?
  30. 30Smooth muscle ultrastructure What is indicated at the arrows? (all the same thing at white arrows)Thick (myosin) filaments indicated at white arrows!Smooth muscle ultrastructure What is indicated at the arrows? (all the same thing at white arrows)Smooth muscle ultrastructure What is indicated at the arrows? (all the same thing at white arrows)
  31. 31Smooth muscle contraction Relaxed form? (surrounded by?)Surrounded by contractile filamentSmooth muscle contraction Relaxed form? (surrounded by?)
  32. 32Smooth muscle contraction Contracted form? (Surrounded by?)Surrounded by contractile filamentSmooth muscle contraction Contracted form? (Surrounded by?)
  33. 33What type of muscle tissue is this? What is the arrow and black box indicating?Smooth muscle tissue
    "corkscrew appearance"    What type of muscle tissue is this? What is the arrow and black box indicating?What type of muscle tissue is this? What is the arrow and black box indicating?
  34. 34EXAM Question: Identify this tissue A. Skeletal Muscle B. Connective Tissue C. Cardiac Muscle D. Smooth MuscleC. Cardiac MuscleEXAM Question: Identify this tissue A. Skeletal Muscle B. Connective Tissue C. Cardiac Muscle D. Smooth Muscle

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Beschreibung
Histology (Alb) Lecture 5 - Exam 2
Erstellt von
Marissa Alvarez · Jul 2017
Aktualisiert
15 Jul 2017
Aufrufe
113
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