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Alloys Properties

Make metals harder & stronger

Types of Steel

Carbon steels (mainly Fe & C)

Alloys steels (Fe & C, alloyed with more metals)

Mild Steel

(Low-carbon steel)

High-carbon steel

99.5% Fe

hard, strong & malleable

Composition

car bodies & machinery

Special Properties

Uses

0.45-1.5% carbon

strong but brittle

knives, hammers, chisels, saws & other cutting/boring tools

Manganese steel

Stainless steel

Fe, C & Mn

increased strength & hardness

springs & drills

Fe, C, Cr, Ni

durable & highly resistant to corrosion

cutlery, surgical instruments & chemical plants equipment

Metals are often used as alloys

To make metals harder & stronger

To improve appearance of metals

To lower melting points of metals

To make metals more resistant to corrosion

Brass (alloy of Zn & Cu) is harder & stronger than pure Cu or Zn

Pewter (alloy of Sn, Cu & Sb) makes ornaments nicer than pure Sn

Solder (alloy of Sn & Pb) has lower melting point than most metals. Used to join electronic parts to circuit boards

Cupronickel (alloy of Cu & Ni) is used in coins as it doesn’t corrode easily

example

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