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impact of the war on Germany by 1918

Social impact

Economic impact

Political impact

Germany had a revolution and became an unstable democratic republic. Groups with extremist political views tried to gain power.

Stresses of war led to a revolution in October - November 1918. There was fighting between the right and left wing groups

Many ex-soldiers and civilians despised the new democratic leaders and came to believe that the heroic leader Field Marshal Hindenburg had been betrayed by weak politicians

There were huge gaps between the living standards of the rich and the poor

One and a half million demobilised soldiers returned to the society, many disillusioned

Many German workers were bitter at the restrictions placed on their earnings during the war while the factory owners made vast fortunes from the war

Many Germans were angry about losing the war . There was a wave of unrest, especially in cities like Berlin. Law and order was breakinvg down in a country

food shortage

industrial production was one third of what it used to be in 1918

national income was one third of what it used to be

war left 600,000 widows and 2 million children without fathers