Renaissance cause and effect

CAUSE:

Demands for reform by Martin Luther, John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and other scholars in Europe.

EFFECT: The establishment of many Protestant churches, groups, and movements, including Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism, the Society of Friends (also known as Quakers), among others.

CAUSE:

Money-generating practices in the Roman Catholic Church, such as the sale of indulgences.

EFFECT: The emergence of Protestantism, which became one of the three major branches of Christianity (along with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy).

CAUSE: The desire of rulers such as Henry VIII of England to break free from the pope and the Roman Catholic Church

CAUSE: Religious dispute between Lutheran and Catholic rulers within the Holy Roman Empire

EFFECT:

The Peace of Augsburg (1555), which allowed German princes to decide whether their territories would be Catholic or Lutheran.

CAUSE:

The desire of many people to read the Bible in the language they spoke at home rather than in Latin.

EFFECT:

Translation of the Bible into German, French, English, and other languages.

CAUSE: A belief that forgiveness comes only from God rather than from a combination of faith and good deeds.

EFFECT:

The end of the sale of indulgences.

RENAISSANCE

EFFECT:

The Thirty Years’ War (1618–48), a conflict in which most of the countries of Europe fought and about eight million people died. The war was partly a struggle between Roman Catholics, Calvinists, and Lutherans.