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Photosynthesis

Plants

plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose. The plant then releases the oxygen back into the air, and stores energy within the glucose molecules.

What happends in the organell

Inside the plant cell are small organelles called chloroplasts, which store the energy of sunlight. Within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast is a light-absorbing pigment called chlorophyll, which is responsible for giving the plant its green color.

algaes

algae are capable of photosynthesis and produce their own nourishment by using light energy from the sun and carbon dioxide in order to generate carbohydrates and oxygen.

Ligth and dark reaccion

Photosynthesis compromises both light reactions and dark reactions. During the dark reactions, carbon dioxide is bound to ribulose bisphosphate, a 5-carbon sugar with two attached phosphate groups, by the enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase. This is the initial step of a complex process leading to the formation of sugars. During the light reactions, light energy is converted into the chemical energy needed for the dark reactions.

A peculiar Photosynthesis

The metabolic pathways of archaea are quirky and unique among living things. Some are capable of obtaining energy from ammonia, by sulfur or by using hydrogen. Arches capable of obtaining energy from sunlight and others capable of fixing their carbon from CO2 present in the air. But, unlike what happens to plants when photosynthesize, no archaea is known to be capable of both at the same time (fix carbon using sunlight).