THYROID

THYROID DISEASE

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck, just above the collarbone. It is one of the endocrine glands that produce hormones. Thyroid hormones control the rhythm of many activities in the body.

THYROID PROBLEMS

Hyperthyroidism

Hypothyroidism

Graves’ disease

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Goiter

Disease characterized by increased functional activity of the thyroid gland and excess secretion of thyroid hormones; causes goiter, hyperactivity, tachycardia and bulging eyes, among other symptoms.

A disease characterized by a decrease in the functional activity of the thyroid gland and a decrease in the secretion of thyroid hormones.

It is an autoimmune disorder that leads to an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). An autoimmune disorder is a condition that occurs when the defense system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue.

Autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland. It occurs from the formation of antibodies that attack the thyroid gland and usually causes hypothyroidism.

Abnormal growth of the butterfly-shaped gland located under the Adam's apple (thyroid).

DIAGNOSIS

● Clinic history

● Physical exam

● Thyroid tests:

- Antithyroid antibodies

- Needle biopsy

- Thyroxine test (T4): Free T4 - Bound T4

- TSH test

- Triiodothyronine test (T3)

TREATMENT

Hypothyroidism cannot be cured but it can be treated and completely controlled in most people.

Replacing the amount of hormone that your own thyroid can no longer make. This makes sure that your T4 and TSH stay at balanced levels.

Hypothyroidism

Hyperthyroidism

- ANTITHYROID DRUGS

- RADIOACTIVE IODINE

- BETA-BLOCKERS

- SURGERY

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

T3 and T4 usually increase more than normal and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is lower than normal.

The decline in the production of T4 results in an increase in the secretion of TSH by the

pituitary gland, causing hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the thyroid parenchyma, thereby leading to increased T3 production.

Maeva Játiva A.

7mo "A"