Chapter 1 - Nutriants, Water and Cell [In progress]

Flussdiagrammknoten

• Nutrition

•  Health and wellness of humans

• Production

• Water Carbohydrates Protein Lipids Vitamins Minerals

• Cheapest and Most Abundant

• 1. Fresh Drinking 2. Food 3. Metabolic 

• a. Transports b. Dictates Osmolality c. Hand in many rxns d. Lubricates and Cushions Joints e. Gives cells shape f. A/B regulation g. Primairly maintains homeostasis

• Na+  K+  Ca2+ CL-   Mg2+

• Intracellular Extracellular

• Sensible Insensible

• Urine Feces Lactation

• Lungs (vapor) Skin (sweat)

• Intake: increase

• Intake: Decrease

• Increased diet Increased Protein Increases Salt Increases Fiber Temperature stress (hot+cold) Gestation Lactation Preformance/work Disease Species (livestock)

• Increase Water Age (older)

• Avian < Porcine < Caprine/Ovine(meat) <Caprine/Ovine(dairy) < Equine < Bovine(Meat) < Bovine(dairy)

• Decreased Quality

• Nitrates/ites Fluoride Heavy Metals Ca/Mg/Na Salts (Gypsum Water)

• Toxins

• Organic

• Pathogens

• Pesticides Hydrocarbons

• Bacteria Cyanobacteria (Blue/Green Algae)

• Decaying Animals increase N and P in water

• Release Nuro and Hepatoxins

• Love high N + P

• Decreased Quantity

• Facility

• Environmental

• Crowding Animal dominance/guarding Slow flow rate

• Drought High Temp. Freezing Temp.

• Drought > Increased consentrated solids>decreased quality

• Dietary restrictions/Deficiencies

• Low food intake Increased weightloss Constipation Stiff Gate* increases excreation of N and electrolytes