Cognitive development

Cognitive development

1. Exist two different psychological theories

   • Piaget´s theory is divided in 4 stages
     • Sensory motor stage it occur from 0 to 2 years
       • The children learn through his senses especially touching the things
       • Preoperational stage it occur from 2 until 7 year
         • The child can use words and symbols to resolve problems. But his/her thinking is limited by the egocentrism and centralization
       • Concrete operation it occur from 7 to 11 years
         • The child learn logic operations of clasification and conservation.His thinking is bounded with the objects and events that happen in hte real life
         • Formal operations it happens from 11 onwards
           • The tennager learn abstract thought systems it allows to use propositional logic and scientific reasoning
     • Fundamentally Piaget´s theory focuses on the child´s age
   • Vigostsky´s theory focuses on the enviroment of the child
     • Vigotsky´s divided the use of language in 3
       • Social speech
         • The child uses the language specially for communicate
       • Egocentric speech
         • When begin to talk to stable their bahavior and thinking, they talk with him/her self when realize some tasks
       • Internal speech
         • Is used for direct their thinking, behavior,reflect about the solving of problems and the consequences of their actions
     • According to Vigotsky the development is not a static process
       • The child born with mental skills as atention ,memory and perception
     • Zone of Poxime Development (ZPD)
       • It define those functions that are not ripe

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