UNIT 3

UNIT 3

1. HAVE / HAVE GOT = tengo (no cambia el significado).

   • HAVE
     • Expresiones como:
       • Comer / Beber algo
         • I don't usually HAVE breakfast.
         • I HAD two cups of coffee this morning.
       • DAR a party a walk a look
         • We ARE HAVING a party nex week.
         • Can I HAVE a look at your newspaper?
       • TENER a holiday a good trip a dream a baby
         • Sandra has just HAD a baby.
       • a bath a game a rest a swim a good time
         • Did you HAVE a good time in London?
   • HAVE GOT
     • Afirmación
       • I´VE GOT a motorbike
     • Negación
       • Tracey and Jeff HAVEN´T GOT any children.
       • DON'T / DOESN'T
         • They DON'T HAVE any children. (= They HAVEN'T GOT any children)
         • It's a nice house, but it DOESN'T HAVE a garden. ( = ...it HASN'T GOT a garden)
     • Interrogación
       • HAVE you GOT a camera?
       • DO / DOES
         • DOES Helen HAVE a car? = HAS Helen GOT a car?
         • What DO you HAVE in your bag? = What HAVE you GOT in your bag?
     • HAVE vs HAVE GOT
       • I HAVE/HAVE GOT a new shower. It's very good
       • I HAVE a shower every morning. (no I've got...)
   • I HAVE/HAVE GOT blue eyes.
   • Our car HAS /HAS GOT four doors.
   • They HAVE/HAVE GOT a dog.

2. Preposiciones de MOVIMIENTO

   • BETWEEN (entre)
     • • E is BEHIND B
       • B is BETWEEN A and C.
       • A is NEXT/BESIDE to B
   • NEXT TO / BESIDE (junto a / al lado de)
   • OPPOSITE / IN FRONT OF (en frente de/ delante de)
     • • A is sitting OPPOSITE C.
       • A is sitting IN FRONT OF B.
   • TO / FROM
     • TO
       • Que va hacia ...
         • Jane is going TO France next week.
     • FROM
       • Que viene desde ...
         • A lot of English words come FROME Latin.
           • We walked FROM the hotel TO the station.
   • BEHIND (detras de)
   • ABOVE y BELOW (por encima de/por debajo de) (sin contacto)
     • The pictures are ABOVE THE SHELVES.
     • The shelves are BELOW THE PICTURES.
   • INTO / OUT OF
     • INTO
       • Que va hacia dentro de algo
         • We jumped INTO the water.
     • OUT OF
       • Que sale de algo.
         • I took the old batteries OUT OF the radio.
           • A man came OUT OF the house and got INTO a car
   • UNDER (debajo de...)
     • The girl is standing UNDER a tree.
     • The cat is UNDER the table
   • UP / DOWN
     • UP
       • Hacia arriba
         • We walked UP the hill to the house.
     • DOWN
       • Hacia abajo
         • Be careful! Don't fall DOWN the stairs.
   • ON / OFF
     • ON
       • Que está sobre (haciendo contacto)
         • Don't put your feet ON the table.
     • OFF
       • Está callendo o a punto de caer.
         • Please take your feet OFF the table.
   • OVER / UNDER
     • OVER
       • Por encima (sin hacer contacto).
         • The plane flew OVER the mountains.
     • UNDER
       • Por debajo de
         • Some people say it's unlucky to walk UNDER a ladder.
   • ALONG / AROUND
     • AROUND / ROUND
       • Alrededor de ...
         • We walked AROUND the town.
     • ALONG
       • A lo largo de...
         • I was walking ALONG the road.
   • THROUGH / ACROSS = através de...
     • THROUGH
       • Para algo vertical
         • una ventana un bosque
           • The old road goes THROUGH the village.
           • A bird flew into the room THROUGH a window.
     • ACROSS
       • Para algo horizontal
         • un valle la calle un río
           • The dog swam ACROSS the river
           • We ran ACROSS the road.
   • BY / PAST = al lado/junto de...
     • PAST
       • They walked PAST me without speaking.
     • BY
       • Our house is BY the sea.

3. Preposiciones de LUGAR

   • AT = EN (un lugar).
     • Pero NO dentro o rodeado por ese lugar
       • AT the bus stop
         • at the bus stop at the door at the traffic lights at her desk
       • AT the door
       • AT the traffic lights
       • AT her desk
     • AT (the top/the bottom/the end). = al principio / al final de ...
       • Write your name AT the top
       • My house is AT the end of the street.
     • Expresiones como:
       • at home
       • at work / at school
       • at university
       • at the station/airport
       • at (a concert / a party / a football).
     • home / at home = en casa
       • go/come/walk etc HOME
         • I'm tired. I'm GOING HOME.
         • Did you WALKHOME?
       • be/stay/do something AT HOME
         • I'm STAYING AT HOME tonight
   • ON = EN (sobre / encima de...)
     • on the ceiling on a plate on a bicycle on the table on the floor on a horse on a shelf on a balcony
       • Who is that man ON the horse?
     • Expresiones como:
       • ON a (bus/train/plane/ship)
         • Did you come here ON the bus?
       • ON the (right/left)
         • My desk is ON THE LEFT of the window.
       • ON the (first/ground floor)
   • TO = A (dirección)
     • We walked from my house TO the center of town.
     • You must come TO our house.
   • IN = EN (un lugar).
     • Dentro o rodeado por un lugar o área delimitada
       • Jim works IN A (SHOP/BANK/FACTORY).
       • Kevin is IN (THE KITCHEN/THE GARDEN/LONDON).
       • What's IN THAT (BOX/BAG/CUPBOARD)?
       • I went for a swim IN THE (POOL/RIVER/SEA).
     • Expresiones como:
       • in the middle of / in bed / in a newspaper / in a book / in hospital / in the sky
         • David's father is ill. He's IN HOSPITAL
     • Detrás de un superlativo: IN = DE
       • Whast's the largest city IN the world?
     • IN vs AT
       • Para edificios
         • We stayed IN / AT nice hotel
       • Situaciones be/stay/do something ...
         • The main shops ARE IN THE CENTER OF TOWN
         • I like READING IN BED.
         • The bus IS AT THE AIRPORT.
         • I meet a lot of people at the party
       • ARRIVE / GET TO
         • ARRIVE IN + país / ciudad
           • Arrive IN Germany
         • ARRIVE AT + otros lugares
           • Arrive AT the station/hotel.
         • GET TO + lugar = llegar a...
           • What time did you GET TO the hotel?
         • sin preposición
           • I was tired when I got home.
           • I was tired when I arrived home.

4. Preposiciones de TIEMPO

   • AT / ON / IN
     • AT
       • La hora
         • I start work AT 8 O'CLOCK
       • Se dice:
         • AT the weekend = el fin de semana
         • AT night = por la noche
         • AT Chrismas = en Navidad
         • AT the end of = al final de
         • AT the moment = ahora
     • ON
       • Días y fechas
         • The concert is ON 22 November
         • ON Monday morning/afternoon/evening/etc. = El Lunes por la mañana/tarde/noche
     • IN
       • Meses / años / estaciones
         • Emma was born IN 1983
         • IN the morning/afternon/evening = por la mañana/tarde/noche
       • IN = dentro de..
         • I will see you IN a few days.
     • No se usan delante de: THIS / LAST / NEXT / EVERY
       • We go on holiday EVERY SUMMER.
       • I'm living NEXT MONDAY.
       • Are you going out THIS EVENING?
   • FROM... TO / UNTIL / SINCE / FOR
     • FROM...TO... = desde...hasta...
       • We lived in Japan FROM 1992 TO/UNTIL 2000
     • UNTIL (TILL) = hasta/hasta que
       • Wait here UNTIL/TILL I come back.
     • SINCE = desde.../desde que...
       • Se usa detrás del Present Perfect (have been/done)
         • Sue and Dave HAVE BEEN married SINCE 1999.
         • Joe is in hospital. He has been in hospital SINCE Monday
         • It HAS BEEN raining SINCE I arrived
         • Con un periodo de tiempo determinado se usa FOR
           • Joe has been in hospital FOR THREE DAYS. (...desde hace 3 días)
           • They've been married FOR TEN YEARS.
     • FOR = "durante" o sin esquivalente en español
       • Gary stayed with me FOR three days
       • I'm going away FOR a few weeks. (Me voy fuera UNAS semnas)
   • BEFORE / AFTER / DURING / WHILE
     • BEFORE = antes
       • Everybody feel nervous BEFORE exams.
       • NUNCA pueden llevar detrás un INFINITIVO:
         • BEFORE EATING the apple, I washed it carefully. (no BEFORE TO EAT)
         • I started work AFTER READING the newspaper. (no AFTER TO READ)
     • AFTER = después
       • We were tired AFTER our visit to the museum.
     • DURING + nombre = durante
       • We didn't speak DURING THE MEAT.
     • WHILE + verbo = mientras
       • We didn't speak WHILE WE WERE EATING.

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