Mixture Separation

Mixture Separation

1. Magnetism

   • Mixtures containing substances that get attracted to magnet can be separated using a magnet. We can separate iron from a mixture of sand and iron, as only iron attracts to the magnet.

2. Hand Separation

   • Separation of Mixtures. Mixtures are all able to be separated by exploiting some physical property. No chemical changes need be involved, so the substances will retain their chemical identity throughout the separation process. An example which could be separated by hand might be a dry mixture of salt and sand.

3. Filtration

   • When the substances in a mixture have different particle sizes, they are separated by filtration. The mixture is poured through a sieve or filter. The smaller particles slip through the holes, but the larger particles do not. Filtration is the first stage in water recycling. Chemists use filters called zeolites, which have holes so tiny that they can remove microscopic particles from water.

4. Evaporation

   • Evaporation is great for separating a mixture (solution) of a soluble solid and a solvent. The process involves heating the solution until the solvent evaporates (turns into gas) leaving behind the solid residue.

5. Cromatography

   • Scientists separate many liquid mixtures using chromatography. The mixture is dissolved in a liquid or a gas to make a solution. The solution is put on a solid material and the substances that dissolved most easily travel farthest up the solid material. The separated substances form bands of colour called chromatograms. Food scientists study chromatograms to discover which colourings a food contains.

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