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QUALITATIVE METHODS IN HEALTH RESEARCH

1. DESIGN

   • The design section specifies the research design and Adaptations or unique features of the proposed study
   • The chosen design is reflected in the specific objectives
   • SAMPLING PLAN
     • The sampling plan and justification are linked to the specific objectives and research questions
     • The sampling plan specifies the characteristics of the population sample was selected; the sample size, the inclusion and exclusion criteria
   • DATA COLLECTION
     • The data collection methods such as participant observation, structured observations, interviews, or some other approach will be derived from the objectives and research questions
     • A discussion of the reliability and validity of the instruments and data collection procedures provide assurance that the data will be as accurate
     • The strategy for implementing data collection includes specifying who will conduct interviews, sites and times of data collection
     • The strategy for implementing data collection includes specifying who will conduct interviews, sites and times of data collection
   • DATA ANALYSIS
     • Establish specific procedures to address each of the research questions or hypotheses.
     • A software program can be used to facilitate data analysis
     • Experimental data may be useful in constructing a preliminary coding scheme or hypothetical
     • Tables can be used to demonstrate the hypothetical data types that are available and how they will be analyzed.
   • DATA INTERPRETATION:
     • Describe the process by which the researcher comes to the integration of data and conclusions
     • Potential outcomes for immediate questions and issues are addressed
     • The processes and procedures for the integration and interpretation of data are used when more than one data source.

2. COMBINING QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES

   • Clear and detailed specification of methodological and analytical integration, therefore, is critical
   • The combination of methods seeks to meet the specific objectives of the study
   • The study objectives are guided by the research plan in terms of methods, data collection instruments, procedures, data analysis and data interpretation.

3. MODELS FOR LINKING QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES

   • Sequential. A sequential model is used to ground the quantitative research using qualitative approaches to training.
   • Parallel. Some models use effectively qualitative methods such as case studies.
   • Coordinated sub-studies. Qualitative studies contribute as part of a project to study the long term
   • Integrated. An integrated model involves the simultaneous collection of data using both qualitative and quantitative methods.

4. RELEVANT CONSIDERATIONS FOR DECIDING ON THE MOST APPROPRIATE MODEL

   • Research area. Is the field of study developed the factors that must be controlled in sample selection, data collection and analysis
   • Analysis units. Topics of study are sufficiently by previous studies.
   • Design. Time available to prepare, conduct and analyze complex data from multiple analysis methods and parameters for each analytical technique.

5. HUMAN SUBJECTS

   • Qualitative research may involve populations, settings, or methods that evoke special considerations, which may be different from that of quantitative research.
   • Populations from different guidelines work