ASEAN

ASEAN

1. INTRODUCTION The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a political and economic organisation of ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967

2. AIMS

   • accelerating economic growth, social progress, sociocultural evolution among its members
   • protection of regional peace and stability
   • opportunities for member countries to discuss differences peacefully

3. SYMBOLISM OF THE LOGO

   • Blue represents peace and stability, red depicts courage and dynamism, white shows purity and yellow symbolises prosperity.
   • The ten bound stalks of rice in the centre of the Emblem represent the member states of ASEAN. They represent the dream of ASEAN's Founding Fathers for an ASEAN comprising all the countries in Southeast Asia, bound together in friendship and solidarity.
   • The circle represents the unity of ASEAN.

4. ASEAN MEMBERS

   • INITIATIVES: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand
     • EXPANDED MEMBERSHIPS:Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma) and Vietnam

5. HISTORY ASEAN was existing before by an organisation called the Association of Southeast Asia (ASA), a group consisting of the Philippines, Malaysia and Thailand that was formed in 1961. The bloc itself, however, was inaugurated on 8 August 1967, when foreign ministers of five countries – Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand – met at the Thai Department of Foreign Affairs building in Bangkok and signed the ASEAN Declaration, more commonly known as the Bangkok Declaration. The five foreign ministers – Adam Malik of Indonesia, Narciso Ramos of the Philippines, Abdul Razak of Malaysia, S. Rajaratnam of Singapore, and Thanat Khoman of Thailand – are considered the organisation's Founding Fathers.

6. MOTIVATION OF THE FOUNDATION The motivations for the birth of ASEAN were so that its members’ governing elite could concentrate on nation building, the common fear of communism, reduced faith in or mistrust of external powers in the 1960s, and a desire for economic development.

7. SUCCESS OF ASEAN

   • The average economic growth of ASEAN's member nations during 1989–2009 was between 3.8% and 7%. This economic growth was greater than the average growth of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), which was 2.83 percent.ASEAN has in recent years become a hub for digital adoption. Asia Briefing that e-commerce in the region, specifically in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines have seen dramatic gains, with Singapore and Malaysia leading the pack, accounting for 50 percent of total online sales for ASEAN
   • ASEAN has concluded free trade agreements with China (expecting bilateral trade of $500 billion by 2015),Korea, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and India.ASEAN-India bilateral trade crossed the $70 billion target in 2012 (target was to reach the level only by 2015).[citation needed] The agreement with People's Republic of China created the ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA), which went into full effect on 1 January 2010.

8. FAILURE OF ASEAN

   • unable to solve the territorial-dispute between Vietnam and China
   • failed to approach to promoting human rights and democracy in the junta-led Burma
   • Incapability of reducing forest fire in Indonesia, lack of intervention in fire-occurring countries ,unable to reduce the haze which caused millions of people in Singapore and Malaysia suffering from it.

9. SINGAPORE'S BENEFITS FROM ASEAN

   • The common market ASEAN Free Trade Area based upon the four freedoms created by the ASEAN ensure the free flow of goods, services, investment and skilled labour and the freer flow of capital, which help to boost Singapore's economic growth and provide Singapore more financial opportunities as the amount of trade barriers has decreased and Singapore can import products at a lower price and export its goods to one another without import tax

10. SINGAPORE'S CONTRIBUTION TO ASEAN

    • When Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia joined ASEAN in the late 1990s, concerns were raised about a certain developmental divide regarding a gap in average per capita GDP between older and the newer members. In response, the itiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI) was formed by ASEAN as a regional integration policy with the principal goal of bridging this developmental divide, which, in addition to disparities in per capita GDP, is manifested by disparities in dimensions of human development such as life expectancy and literacy rates. Singapore allows ASEAN to mobilise funding from its state treasury for areas where the development gap needs to be filled through the IAI programmeSingapore offered $80million to developing countries from 2000- 2003 as aid package under the Initiative for ASEAN Integration Initiative (IAI).
    • As the only developed economy in ASEAN, Singapore contributes technical knowledge to member countries to help develop their economies • E.g. Singapore has helped 1700 officials from Laos since 1993 in IT skills and English Language .
    • Singapore helps other member countries to solve regional environment problems à by contributing different expertise. in 1997 the Indonesian forest fires created a haze that blanketed the region affected air travel and tourism in the region. Singapore helped Indonesia by using it satellites to monitor the forest fires and alert the Indonesian to put out the fire more quickly thus lessened the haze problem.

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