Science as a Process

Science as a Process

1. Scientific journals

   • Pros
     • Authored by researchers, reviewed by others
   • Cons
     • based on limited data
     • dificult to understand

2. Science is a way of knowing about of natural world

   • Scientific method
     • observation
       • Hypothesis
         • Experiments and observations
           • collection of new data
             • Conslusion
               • Hypothesis rejected
               • hypothesis supported
                 • Scientific theory
             • The information collected during the experiment or observation is called data
         • is subject to modification
         • The tentative explanation to be tested is called
   • Objective observation are supported by factual information
     • The fat content of a particular food
   • subjective observations involve personal judgment
     • Good or bad taste of the food
   • scientific theory
     • Concept supported by a broad range of observations, experiments and conclusions
       • Principle of evolution-theory of evolution

3. hypothesis - Antibiotic B is better treatment than antibiotic A

   • control and experimental group
     • test group 1
       • control group
         • placebo
           • 10/100
         • if the CG shows the same results than a test group, the investigators know the results of their study are invalid
       • antibiotic A
         • 60/100
       • test group 2
         • Antibiotic B
           • 80/100 - 80% effectiveness
       • doble-blind study
         • examiner and patient are nor aware of the specific treathment