The Scientific Method

What this unit covers

The core note, Scientific Method, explains that the method is an organised way to answer questions and develop solutions, usually in six parts, starting with the purpose or question. Other notes take the steps one at a time: observation, hypothesis, predictions, performing an experiment, and analysis and conclusion. A further note looks at the limits of the method, such as insufficient knowledge, weak experimental design and misinterpretation of results.

Where to start

Begin with the Scientific Method note, then look at the slide set called The Scientific Method for a quick walk through the process and its definitions. Flowcharts such as Scientific Method Overview show the order of the steps at a glance, which helps if you like to see a process laid out.

Variables and experiments

Variables trip up many students, so give them time. The VARIABLES mind map sets out what a variable is and separates independent from dependent. The flashcard deck Scientific Method Variables adds controlled variables and the control group. After that, the quiz Identifying Independent Variables lets you check your understanding. The Chapter 2 deck on scientific inquiry adds hypotheses, predictions, data and ethics.

Using quizzes and maps together

Read a mind map first to get the shape of a topic. Then take a quiz without looking, and note what you missed. Go back to the map or the matching flashcards for those points only, and try the quiz again later. Some resources lean towards writing up work, such as the Step-by-Step Lab Report mind map and the one on scientific reporting. One mind map goes further, with causal mechanism, correlation, confounding variables and operationalisation, which suits university students. The AQA GCSE ISA SECTION 1 GUIDE mind map is there for GCSE Science.

Where it fits

This unit sits in the Foundations of Research strand of Research methods and academic skills. Teachers can pull in ready-made maps, decks and quizzes for lessons or homework. Choose one resource that matches what you need today, and build your own maps and flashcards from it.