SEPARATING MIXTURES

SEPARATING MIXTURES

1. A mixture is combination of two or more substances. Two types

   • HETEROGENEOUS
     • We see substances because are not combined.
       • Various methods separate the components of mixtures, magnetic separation, decantation, filtration, evaporation and distillation.
   • HOMOGENEOUS
     • Cannot see subtences because combined.

2. DISTILLATION

   • Differnt liquids have different boiling points. Water boils at 100C and ethanol 78C. Mixture ethanol and water, ethanol boils first collect the ethanol vapour and coll liquid form. Is called distillation.

3. FILTRATION

   • Dissolve salt in water, forms a mixture, called a solution. We can extract the salt again by using evaporation. Heat the water, becomes a vapour and leaves the salt.

4. DECANTATION

   • Separate liquids and solids. Mix sand and water, sand forms a sediment at the bottom. Use decantation separate liquids with different densities, oil has a lower density and it floats on water.

5. EVAPORATION

   • Filtration small particles from liquis and gases. Filter stops the particles, but liquid pass fin filters in water treatment.

6. MAGNETIC SEPARATION

   • Some metals, like iron, are magnetic. Can use magnets separate these matals from non-magnetic substances, such as papaer and plastic. Magnetic separation useful metal from rubbish.