Physics

Physics

1. Heat

   • Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy from one object to another.
   • There are three ways that heat can transfer. They are radiation, conduction, and convection.
   • Heat energy is the result of the movement of tiny particles called atoms, molecules or ions in solids, liquids and gases

2. Temperature

   • Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in an object.
   • Temperature is the manifestation of thermal energy, which is the source of the occurrence of heat when a body is in contact with another that is colder.
   • A way of measuring temperature is by using a thermometer.

3. Thermal Energy

   • It is the energy contained that is responsible for its temperature.
   • Thermal energy refers to several quantities. Some are the internal energy of a system, heat or sensible heat, which are defined as types of energy transfer, or for the characteristic energy of a degree of freedom in a thermal system

4. Pressure

   • Pressure is force per unit area.
   • It is usually more convenient to use pressure instead of force to describe or explain the influences to fluid behavior.
   • The standard unit for pressure is the Pascal, which is a Newton per square meter.

5. Volume

   • Volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space enclosed by a closed surface
   • One example of volume can be the space that a solid, liquid or gas occupies or contains.

6. Solid

   • Firm and stable in shape that has three dimensions that is not a liquid or fluid.
   • Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter.

7. Liquid

   • A substance that flows freely but is of constant volume and that has a consistency like water or oil.
   • it is one of the four fundamental states of matter, and is the only state with a definite volume but no fixed shape.

8. Gas

   • A substance or matter in a state in which it will expand freely to fill whatever shape.
   • It has no fixed shape and no fixed volume.

9. Specific Heat Capacity

   • The amount of heat required to raise one kilogram of a material by 1 degree celcius.
   • Different materials have different specific heat capacity.

10. Joule

    • It is a unit of work and energy.
    • It is equal to the energy transferred to an object when a force of one newton acts on that object in the direction of the force's motion through a distance of one metre.

11. Conductor

    • It is when energy, such as heat, transfers through some materials easily.
    • Some good conductors are metals and copper.

12. Insulator

    • Its substance which does not readily allow the passage of heat or sound.
    • Some examples of insulators are plastics, styrofoam, paper, rubber, glass and dry air.