TECHNOLOGICAL MATERIALS,TOOLS AND WOOD

TECHNOLOGICAL MATERIALS,TOOLS AND WOOD

1. RAW MATERIALS

   • Raw materials are products extracted directly from nature.They may be of plant ,animal or mineral origin,air or water

2. NATURAL AND PROCESSED MATERIALS

   • Industrial processes are applied to raw materials , also know as natural resources , to turn them into processes materials
     • once the materials have been processed,they may be classified as either artificial or synthetic

3. THE PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

   • environmental properties
     • toxicity
     • environmental hazard
     • recyclability
     • biodegradability
   • Mechanical properties
     • Hardness
     • Mechanical resistance
     • Toughness
     • Brittlenes
     • elasticity
     • plasticity
   • Thermal properties
     • expansion
     • thermal conductivity

4. TOOLS

   • tools may be defined as objects designed to carry out mechanical work and tasks
     • for many centuries,humans used their hands as tools, until their brains ability for abstract thought inspired them to use sticks and stones to make their actions more effective

5. WOOD

   • wood is the fibrous material that trees are made of it.It is made of two main substances :cellulose and lignin
   • Properties of wood
     • Hygroscopicity
     • sound conductivity
     • toughness
     • splitability
     • density
     • flexibility
     • thermal and electrical insulation
     • hardness
   • Types of wood
     • non-resinous
     • resinous
   • Forms of wood
     • natural wood
       • mouldings or profiles
       • boards and planks
       • beams
       • panels
       • strps
       • sheets or veneers
     • prefabricated wood
       • commercial forms
         • plywood
         • chipboard
         • fibreboard
   • wood working tools
     • Basic hand saw
     • Hacksaws
     • Machine tools
     • Hammers
     • Screwdrivers
     • Spanners
     • Mallets

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