Pancreas

Pancreas

1. 2 Functions

   • Exocrine Pancreas
     • Produce digestive enzymes
       • Protease
       • Lipase
       • Amylase
       • Secreted -> instestine via pancreatic duct
   • Endocrine Pancreas
     • Scattered Islets of Langerhans
       • Secrete glucagon and insulin
       • Direct -> BS

2. Hypoplasia os Atrophy?

   • Developmental derangements = Hypoplasia
   • Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
     • Genetically
       • German Shepherds
       • 6-12 months
     • Unable digest food properly
       • Lack pancreatic enzymes
     • Weight loss
     • Excrete large amounts undigested food = feces
       • ^ fat & ^ protein

3. Acute Pancreatititis

   • Mostly dogs
     • ^ fat & low protein diet
   • Necrosis = inflammation = more necrosis
   • Lipase between fat cells = BAD

4. Peripancreatic Fat Necrosis

   • In pancreatitis
   • Saponification
     • Lesion in fat
     • Soap-like appearance
     • Alteration of triglycerides released = adipocytes

5. Pancreatic Amyloidosis

   • Extracellular deposition = abnormal fibrillar proteins
   • Amyloid
     • Overproduction of protein = Islet amyloid polypeptide
     • By Islet cells
   • Older cats
   • Associated diabetes

6. Pancreatic Neoplasia

   • 2 cell types
     • Endocrine cells
       • Beta cells of islets
         • Insulinoma = benign
         • Islet cell carcinoma = melignant
           • Metastasize -> regional lnn & liver
         • Synthesize & secrete insulin = Hypoglycemia
     • Exocrine glandular cells
       • Pancreatic adenoma
       • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
         • Metastasize -> liver

7. Infectious Pancreatitis

   • Strongylus equinus
     • Pancreatitis