Countries and migration

Countries and migration

1. Countries of origin, transit,return, and destination

   • Countries of Origin: are the places where it was born and places where migration begins
   • Countries of Transit: are the intermediate places on the road between the country of origin and the country of destination
   • Countries of Destination: are places that where people want to emigrate
   • Countries of Return: in certain circumstances a considerable number of migrants return to their country of origin.

2. The case of Ecuador

   • In 2007, Ecuador became a country of origin, a country of transit, as a destination country.
   • Because of the fact that different countries have had, lack of employment and armed conflicts, making the decision for foreign citizens to decide to leave their countries and see Ecuador as an opportunity to find better days.

3. Migration policies

   • The States have two areas of responsibilities: first, on the full filament of the rights of the people who live in the country, which also extends to the international sphere; the second has to do with state security.
   • These two fields are sometimes in contradiction and, ingeneral, the second prevails. In the name of national security, people's rights are violated.

4. Human rights and migration

   • Human rights are principles and norms that seek to respect the dignity of people and protect them from abuses of power and some of them are:
   • Without any distinction, such as national origin or place of birth (art. 2), to move freely and to choose their residence in the territory of a State (art. 13); to asylum (art. 14); have a nationality and change it (art. 15), etc.

5. The decision to migrate

   • Countries in North America and Europe have made it difficult to obtain visas. When it is not possible for them, they sometimes choose the irregular path and embark on the risks of traveling through the so-called coyoteros.
   • These are people who charge money to bring migrants into countries that make legal entry difficult. In these cases, scams frequently occur and even the death of those left without defenses in the hands of the coyoteros
   • "Coyoterism"is a crime. In any case, the decision to migrate is not exclusively individual.

6. The danger of restrictions

   • No matter how much effort states make to maintain sophisticated control systems, the migration does not stop. Other policies should be created that are more useful for regularization, integration, reduction of inequality, etc.

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