computer science 1.1

computer science 1.1

1. COMPUTER HARDWARE IS THE PHYSICAL COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER.

   • TYPES OF HARDWARES ARE:
     • BIOS: BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM. A SMALL PROGRAM IS STORED ON THE ROM CHIP TO LOAD THE OPERATING SYSTEM CORRECTLY.
     • CMOS BATTERY IS A SMALL BATTERY USED TO KEEP TRACK OF THE TIME WHEN A COMPUTER IS SWITCHED OFF.
     • CPU IS THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT . THE DEVICE IS USED TO CONTROL AND EXCECUTE COMMANDS WITHIN THE COMPUTER. FETCHES,DECODES AND EXCECUTES.
     • GPU IS THE GRPHICS PROCESSING UNIT. IT IS USED FOR PROCESSING GRAPHICS, GENERALLY USED BY GAMERS AND GRAPHIC DESIGNERS.
     • HARD DRIVE IS THE AREA OF STORAGE USED TO RETAIN DOCUMENTS AND PROGRAMS. A FORM OF LONG TERM MEMORY, ALTERNATIVES MAY INCLUDE SSDS AND HYBRID DRIVES.
     • THE MOTHERBOARD CONNECTS ALL COMPONENTS WITH EACH OTHER ALLOWING THEM TO COMMUNICATE.
     • THE PCI IS AN EXPANSION PORT THAT ALLOWS A COMPUTERS CAPABILLITES TO BE UPGRADED
     • THE POWER SUPPLY UNIT CONVERTS MAIN AC TO LOW-VOLTAGE DC POWER TO POWER ALL COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER.
     • RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY IS A PLACE WHERE DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS THAT ARE CURRENTLY IN USE BY THE CPU OR HAVE BEEN USED ARE STORED

2. PERIPHERAL DIVICE IS ANY AUXILLARY DEVICE SUCH AS A COMPUTER MOUSE OR KEYBOARD THAT CONNECTS TO AND WORKS WITH THE COPUTER IN SOME WAY.

3. INPUT PERIPHERAL IS A DEVICE THE MAY BE CONNECTED TO A COMPUTER SYSTEM. THEY ARE USED TO BRING DATA FROM THE PHYSICAL WORLD INTO THE COMPUTER SYSTEM EG. MOUSE,TOUCHSCREEN

4. OUTPUT PERIPHERAL IS A DEVICE THAT MAY BE CONNECTED TO A COMPUTER SYSTEM. THEY ARE USED TO BRING DATA FROM THE COMPUTER TO THE PHYSICAL WORLD. EG. A MONITOR OR SPEAKERS.

5. STORAGE PERIPHERAL IS A DEVICE WHICH IS USED TO STORE DATA AND FILES ON EG.CD,USB MEMORY STICK.