Module 2: Inference

Module 2: Inference

1. hypotheses

   • null: generally assumes that there is no difference between observed and expected
   • alternative: generally assumes that there is a difference between observed and expected values

2. test stat: measures the difference between observed value and the data expected by the null hypothesis

3. p-value

   • tells us whether the data is consistent with H0
   • If p-value is low (<0.05) the null hypothesis must go

4. tests

   • 1-tailed
   • 2-tailed
     • used to test whether 2 variables have the same mean or direction (equivalence testing)