Atom and matter

Atom and matter

1. Atom

   • Is the smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of electrically charged particles. It also has characteristic properties of a chemical element. As such, the atom is the basic building block of chemistry.
     • In the atom two parts are distinguished: the nucleus and the crust.
       • The nucleus is the central part of the atom and contains positively charged particles, protons, and particles that do not have an electric charge, that is, they are neutral, neutrons.
       • The crust is the outer part of the atom. Here are electrons, negatively charged. These, arranged at different levels, orbiting the nucleus.

2. Matter

   • Is everything that has mass and that occupies a place in space.
     • Comes in three states: solid, liquid and gas.
       • Structure: consists of very small particles grouped together to form the atom.
         • Clasification: In two main categories
           • Pure substances that can be chemical elements or compounds.
           • Mixtures that can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

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