Atomic Theory

Atomic Theory

1. Isotopes

   • Isotopes are members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

2. Nuclear Fusion

   • Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles.

3. Nuclear Fission

   • Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei.

4. The Atom

   • smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of electrically charged particles.
   • Complex arrangement of negatively charged electrons arranged in defined shells about a positively charged nucleus.

5. Neutrons

   • Protons
     • A proton is a subatomic particle, symbol p or p⁺ , with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than that of a neutron.
   • The neutron is a subatomic particle, symbol n or n⁰ , which has a neutral charge, and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton.

6. Atomic Models

   • Dalton
   • Rutherford
   • Bohr
   • Schrodinger

7. Uses for Isotopes

   • Cobalt is utilized for rechargable batteries and stopping the spread of cancer
   • Radioactive Isotopes are used to monitor proceses in the body of patients
   • They are used to measure the density of metals
   • Fuel for Nuclear Centrals
   • Carbon 14 is used to measure the time of fossils.
   • Construction of Nuclear weappns