Managing Decision Making

Managing Decision Making

1. Types of decisions

   • Programmed Decisions
     • Related to structured and recurs = repeats with some frequency ( tầm suất nhất định) (or both)
     • Ex: Leave rules: if employees follow the rules -> they can leave - if not, they can't leave and must work
   • Nonprogrammed Decisions
     • Unstructured - ill-defined - complex problems and occurs = happens much less often than a programmed decision.
     • Ex: Managers use skills to solve problems through=by scientific analysis and logical reasoning.

2. Decision-Making Conditions ( Điều kiện)

   • Certainty
     • The manager has enough information to know the outcome of the decision before it is made.Gần như ko xảy ra vì nếu vậy ko có mức độ cạnh tranh. -> If have, it’s too small & là decision nhỏ
   • Risk
     • When the individual has some information regarding the outcome of the decision but does not know everything when making decisions under conditions of risk [50/50 - khi có thông tin sử dụng ước tính nhưng nó vẫn có rủi ro trong quá trình thực hiện]
   • Uncertainty
     • When the probabilities of the various results are not known. The manager feels unable to assign estimates to any of the alternatives [trường hợp người ra quyết định không biết điều gì sẽ xảy ra đối với kết quả của mỗi cách lựa chọn của mình. ]