2.5 Programming Languages and IDEs

2.5 Programming Languages and IDEs

1. Programming Languages

   • Machine Code
     • Binary Representation of instructions in a format that the cpu can decode and execute
     • Have an operation code (opcode) instruction and address or data to use (operand)
   • Low Level Language
     • Written in assembly code
     • Translated by an assembler
     • Used for embedded systems and device drivers where instructing hardware directly is necessary
     • One instruction translated into one machine code instruction
     • The code works with one type of processor only
     • The programmer works with memory directly
     • Code is harder to write and undertstand
     • Memory efficient
     • Code is fast to execute
   • High Level Language
     • Programming language that uses English and mathematical symbols in instructions
     • E.g. Python, Java, Fortran, C++
     • Comparable to the logic of humans
     • Same code can be ran on different devices

2. Assembler

   • Assembles assembly language into machine code
   • Translates whole code before execution

3. Compiler

   • Translates source code from high level code into object code and then into machine code ready to be processed by the cpu
   • The whole program is translated into machine code before it is run