METALS

METALS

1. FERROUS METALS

   • Pure iron
   • Steel
     • Making process
       • Iron mineral is washed
         • It is crushed and sieved to separate the gangue from the ore
           • The ore is mixed with coke and limestone and put into a blast furnace with 1500ºC. Slag is obtained
             • Reduce the percentage of carbon
               • Eliminate impurites
                 • Adding other elements to ajust the composition of the steel
     • Thermal processes to improve the mechanical properties
       • Quenching
       • Tempering
   • Cast iron

2. NON-FERROUS METALS

   • Ultra-light metals
     • Magnesium
   • Light metals
     • Aluminium
     • Titanium
   • Heavy metals
     • Copper
     • Bronze
     • Zinc
     • Brass
     • Tin
     • Lead

3. Properties of metals

   • Tough
   • They melt
   • They expand
   • Rust
   • Recycled and reused
   • Ductile and malleable
   • Some magnetic and attracted to magnets
   • Electrical, thermal and acoustic conductors
   • Some toxic

4. How metals are obtained

   • Separated the ore from the mineral or the gangue from the mineral
     • Mak metal from the ore
       • The ore is taken to complex physical and chemical processes.

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