SLA

SLA

1. URIEL WEINREICH (INTERFERENCE) Knowledge of language

2. Rober Lado - Contrastive Analysis (L1 and L2)

   • Positive Tranfer (Language items are the same) Negative transfer (no correspondence)
   • Pit Corder - Error Analysis
     • Not mistakes but internal grammar
       • Competence (error)
       • Performance (mistake)

3. Noam Chomsky - LAD Language Acquisition Device (Back box)

4. Interlanguage - Larry Selinker (The learner's own system)

   • Transfer
   • Overgeneralisation
   • L2 Strategies
   • Communication strategies
   • Transfer of training

5. SITUATIONAL FACTORS

   • NATURAL ACQUISITION
   • COMMUNICATIVE INSTRUCTION
   • Negotiation of meaning - Form or meaning - silent topcis, topic shifting, clarification, slower pace, etc.

6. INPUT

   • The language the learner is exposed to (either written or spoken)
     • INTAKE - the understood and internalised input
   • L1
     • Behaviourist Position
       • Imitation
     • Innatist Position
       • Internal mechanisms we are born with
     • Interationist Position
       • Interplay between mental abilities and environment
     • Motherese - caretaker speech
       • Simplified input
         • Route of learning - Transitional states
         • Rate of learning - Speed
         • Foreigner talk
           • Dynamic
           • Simplified
       • Teacher talk
         • Manager of the learning process
           • Ellis - Types of language use in the classroom
             • Mechanical
             • Meaningful
             • Pseudo-communicative
             • Real communication
             • Pedagogical goals
               • Core
               • Social
               • Framework
   • Learner Differences
     • Personal Factors
       • Group Dynamics
         • Learner's self-image
       • Attitudes to the teacher and materials
       • Individual learning techniques
     • General Factors
       • Personality
       • Intelligence and aptitude
         • Phonemic coding ability - grammatical sensitivity - inductive language larning - rote learning ability
       • Cognitive styles
         • Field Dependent
           • Personal oriented
           • Holistic
           • Socially sensitive
         • Field Independent
           • Impersonal
           • Analytic
           • Not socially aware
         • Learning Styles
           • Visual
           • Auditory
           • Kinaesthetic
           • Tactile

7. Motivation

   • Integrative
   • Instrumental
   • Intrinsic
   • Extrinsic
   • Heckhausen and Kuhl
     • Predecisional
     • Postdecisional