Chemistry - Alevel

Chemistry - Alevel

1. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that different number of neutrons and same number of protons

2. Sub shells is one or more orbitals In the same shells which have the same energy levels

   • An orbital is the volume of space where an election is most likely found
     • There are 4 sub shells
       • S, p, d ', f
         • They are all formed nto different shapes and sizes

3. Electron shells and energy levels

   • Electrons lmorein shells around the central nucleus
     • Electrons havefixed energies
   • Electrons which are further away from the nucleus have higher energy levels as this is due to the loss of interaction with the nucleus

4. ·

   • Atomic structure - electrons in atoms
   • The s-shells are the ones which have

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