Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Natural Language Processing (NLP)

1. Natural Language Processing uses methods from various disciplines, such as computer science, artificial intelligence, linguistics, and data science, to enable computers to understand human language in both written and verbal forms.

   • Natural Language Processing emphasizes its use of machine learning and deep learning techniques to complete tasks, like language translation or question answering.
     • NLP seeks to convert unstructured language data into a structured data format to enable machines to understand speech and text and formulate relevant, contextual responses.
       • While a number of NLP algorithms exist, different approaches tend to be used for different types of language tasks.

2. Natural Language Understanding (NLU) focuses on computer reading comprehension

   • Is a subset of natural language processing, which uses syntactic and semantic analysis of text and speech to determine the meaning of a sentence.
     • NLU focuses on machine reading comprehension through grammar and context, enabling it to determine the intended meaning of a sentence.

3. Natural Language Generation (NLG) enables computers to write

   • NLG is the process of producing a human language text response based on some data input. This text can also be converted into a speech format through text-to-speech services.
     • NLG also encompasses text summarization capabilities that generate summaries from in-put documents while maintaining the integrity of the information.

4. NLP applications need to consider language rules based on morphology, lexicons, syntax and semantics to make choices on how to phrase responses appropriately. They tackle this in three stages:

   • Text planning: During this stage, general content is formulated and ordered in a logical manner.
   • Sentence planning: This stage considers punctuation and text flow, breaking out content into paragraphs and sentences and incorporating pronouns or conjunctions where appropriate.
   • Realization: This stage accounts for grammatical accuracy, ensuring that rules around punctation and conjugations are followed.

5. Bibliografia: Kavlakoglu, E. (2020). NLP vs. NLU vs. NLG: the differences between three natural language processing concepts. https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/nlp-vs-nlu-vs-nlg

   • Alumno: Octavio Rutz Salas