CCNA - Capitulo 11.2

CCNA - Capitulo 11.2

1. ADDRESSING IPV4

   • TYPE OF IPV4 ADDRESS
     • PRIVATE ADRESS
       • ISP CAN FORWARD THIS PACKET
         • IT MUST TRANSLATE THE SOURCE IPV4 ADDRESS
           • HOW DO YOU DO THAT?
             • NAT
             • CGNAT
             • PRIVATE IPV4 NAT OR CGNAT
               • DOES NOT CONSIDER AS EFFECTIVE SECURITY
       • RFC 1918 - PRIVATE ADDRESS BLOCKS ?
         • 10.0.0.0/8
           • 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
         • 172.16.0.0/12
           • 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255
         • 192.168.0.0/16
           • 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255
       • INTRANET
       • WHATS IS PURPOSE ?
         • INTERNAL HOSTS ORGANIZATION
       • WHY WERE THEY CREATED?
         • DEPLETION OF IPV4 ADDRESS SPACE
       • ARE NOT GLOBALLY ROUTABLE
     • PUBLIC ADRESS
       • ARE ADDRESSES WHICH ARE
         • GLOBALLY ROUTED OVER THE INTERNET.
           • BETWEEN SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP ROUTERS)
           • BETWEEN AS
       • ORGANZATION HAVE RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE INTERNET ?
         • WILL ALSO HAVE PUBLIC IPV4
           • IS KNOWN AS THE DMZ (DESMILITARIZED ZONE ) - DMZ
       • MUST BE UNIQUE
       • WHO MANAGES IT ASSIGNMENT IPV4 OR IPV6 ?
         • 1. INTERNET ASSIGNED NUMBERS AUTHORITY (IANA)
           • MANAGES AND ALLOCATES BLOCKS OF THE IP TO THE REGIONAL INTERNET REGISTRIES (RIRs)
           • GLOBALLY
         • 2. RIRs REGIONAL INTERNET REGISTRIES (RIRs)
           • ALLOCATE IP ADDRESSES TO ISPS
           • RESPONSIBLE FOR ALLOCATION IP TO ISPs WHO PROVIDE IP BLOCKS TO
             • ORGANIZATIONS (AS)
             • SMALLER ISPs
           • REGIONAL
     • SPECIAL USE
       • LOOPBACK ADDRESS
         • 127.0.0.0 / 8
           • 127.0.0.1 a 127.255.255.254
             • THE TCP/IP STACK ON A NETWORK HOST
       • LINK LOCAL ADDRESS
         • 169.254.0.0 /16
           • 169.254.0.1 a 169.254.255.254
             • AUTOMATIC PRIVATE IP ADDRESSING (APIPA)
         • SELF ASSIGNED ADDRESSES.
           • USED BY WINDOWS DHCP CLIENT TO SELF-CONFIGURE IN THE EVEN THAT THERE
             • ARE NO DHCP SERVERS AVAILABLE
     • LEGACY CLASSFUL
       • CREATE IN 1981 - RFC 790
         • CLASS A
           • 0.0.0.0/8 a 127.0.0.0/8
           • LARGE NETWORK
             • 16 MILLION
         • CLASS B
           • 128.0.0.0 / 16 – 191.255.0.0 / 16
           • MODERATE TO LARGE NETWORK
             • MORE THAN 65,000 HOSTS
         • CLASS C
           • 192.0.0.0 / 24 – 223.255.255.0 / 24
           • SMALL NETWORK
             • MAXIMUM 254 HOSTS
         • CLASS D
           • 224.0.0.0 a 239.0.0.0
           • MULTICAST
         • CLASS E
           • 240.0.0.0 – 255.0.0.0.
           • EXPERIMENTAL
       • IN THE MID 1990s , WITH INTRODUCTION OF THE WWW , WAS DEPRECATED TO MORE EFFICIENTLY ALLOCATE THE LIMITED IPV4 SPACE
         • WHAT WAS THE SOLUTION?
           • REPLACED CLASSFULL WITH CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING CIDR
             • CLASSLESS IGNORES THE RULES THE CLASSES (A , B , C )