INDIRECT STATEMENT

INDIRECT STATEMENT

1. Indirect statements (reported speech) change direct sentences into reports about what someone said, adjusting pronouns, time words, and verb tenses.

   • 1. Statements
     • Use the reporting verb (say, tell) + that (optional) + the changed clause.
       • • Formula: Subject + reporting verb + (that) + subject + shifted verb + ... • Direct: "I like ice cream," she said. • Indirect: She said (that) she liked ice cream.
   • 2. Commands (Imperatives)
     • Use a reporting verb like tell, order, or ask + an object + an infinitive verb (to + verb).
       • • Formula: Subject + told/asked + object + to + base verb + ... • Direct: "Sit down," he told me. • Indirect: He told me to sit down.
   • 3. Negative Commands & Statements
     • • For negative commands: Use an object + not to + base verb.
       • o Formula: Subject + told/asked + object + not to + base verb + ... o Direct: "Don't touch that," she warned him. o Indirect: She warned him not to touch that.
   • 4. Question Forms
     • Questions change from question word order (Auxiliary + Subject + Verb) to statement word order (Subject + Verb). Do not use a question mark.
       • o Formula: Subject + asked + wh- word + subject + shifted verb o Direct: "Where do you live?" he asked me. o Indirect: He asked me where I lived.