1 - 1: Particles and Radiation

1 - 1: Particles and Radiation

1. Atomic Structure

   • Made of Protons, Electrons and Neutrons
     • P + N = Nucleons
       • Nucleus make up one 10,000th of the size of the atom
     • Charge:- P = 1.6 x 10^(-19) e = -1.6 x 10^(-19) , N = 0
     • Mass:- P = 1.673 x 10^(-27) N = 1.675 x 1^(-27) , e = 9.11 x 10^(-31)
   • Proton Number = Number of protons and electrons in an atom
     • Atomic Number = Number of Nucleons
       • Isotopes: Same Proton Number, Different Atomic Number

2. Stable and Unstable Nuclei

   • Strong Nuclear force binds Nucleons together
     • Electrostatic Repulsion is much stronger
       • Only felt between 0.5 and 3 fm (1 x 10^(-15) m)
         • Beneath 0.5, it becomes repulsive
     • Alpha emission only occurs in big nuclei (more than 82 protons)
       • Alpha = 2 Protns + 2 Neutrons
       • Beta minus emission occurs in Neutron Rich Nuclei
         • Neutron becomes electron and anti-nutrino

3. Particles and Antiparticles

4. Classification of Particles

5. Quarks

6. Exchange Particles and Feynman Diagrams

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