more about stationary waves

more about stationary waves

1. fundamental pattern of vibration

   • the lowest possible freq that gives a pattern
   • antinode in the middle and nodes at either end
   • =2L

2. the first overtone

   • the next stationary wave pattern
   • where there is a node in the middle so that the string is in two loops

3. the second overtone

   • where the nodes are at a distance of a third L from either end and an antinode in the middle

4. explanation of stationary waves on a vibrating string

   • the crest reverses it phase when it reflects from fixed end and travels back
     • when it reaches the vibrator, it reflects and reverses phase again
   • key condition
     • the time take for wave to travel back and forth the string = the time taken for a whole number of cycles of the vibrator

5. pitch

   • raising the tension/shortening the length - increase pitch

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