The Technology of Conversation

The Technology of Conversation

1. Language Regulators

   • "gut-feeling" when appropriate interaction is occuring
   • interpreters make adjustments: become director of interaction by employing certain strategies and by making decisions about which rules to follow
     • which person gets to speak when 2 people start talking at same time
     • how people are interrupted
     • how people keep control of their turn of talk

2. Turn-Taking

   • use mechanisms to control flow: help listener know when speaker is at beginning, middle, or end and help them know when to start talking
     • ASL Users
       • maintain their turn when stopping to gather their thoughts by dropping their eye gaze, keeping their hands up, or holding the last sign frozen
     • English Users
       • will not understand pauses that are due to processing time & are not use to using an interpreter, so they will be uncomfortable during silence
     • Interpreters should use English fillers like "hmm" or "well" in order to maintain Deaf consumer's position as a speaker
       • respond too quick: not interested in what other said than your own reply
       • respond too slowly: lack of understanding, disinterest, or disagreement

3. Claiming a Turn of Talk

   • English Speaker
     • indicate by "uh huh", "right", or repeating the word "OK" more often than before
   • ASL Users
     • indicates by increasing head nodding (size & frequency), raising the palm, changing from a rest position to pointing/touching/waving the hand, switching eye gaze/posture, or interrupting & repeating the 1st few signs
       • interpreter must give auditory ques

4. Ending a Turn of Talk

   • ASL Users
     • indicate by returning to direct eye gaze & returning their hands to a rest position
       • might decrease signing speed or index the reciever
   • English Speaker
     • indicate by lowering their voice, saying the word "OK", or leaving a long pause (allows other person to become speaker

5. Two Types of Conversational Regulators

   • Markers
     • words speaker uses to signal what he/she plans to do during turn of talk
       • require long turn must follow steps
         • 1. Inform- ASL users will hold up finger or wave hand
         • 2. Use Marker: English user will use listing methods (ie "1st of all"), ASL users will list of non-dominant
         • 3. Foreshadow: Question or Command.
       • Interpret marker and the recipient will know to wait
         • ASL example of marker: CURIOUS
   • Continuers
     • non-verbal indicators used by recipients to let speaker know they want the speaker to continue
       • English Users
         • "uh huh", "mm hmmm", "yeah", "I see", etc
       • ASL Users
         • raised eyebrows, head nods, MMM facial expression, or signs: "OH-I-SEE", "UNDERSTAND", etc.
           • aka feedback or back-channeling signals
       • must vocalize to ensure that English speaker feels that the Deaf recipient is involved
         • Not difficult, occasionally verbalize continuers while signing
           • Alyssa Fletcher 11/7/16 Chapter 8
     • Purpose
       • paying attention
       • wanting speaker to continue
       • understanding/ agreeing what is being said

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