Method of Separation

Method of Separation

1. Pure substance is made up of only one type of substance and it cannot be seperated

2. A Mixture contains 2 or more substances that are not chemically bonded and it can be seperated

3. Impure compounds have a range of melting and boiling points

4. Pure compounds have definite melting and boiling points

5. Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid

6. Crystallisation is used to separate a solid that has dissolved in a liquid and made into a solution

7. Paper Chromatography is a method for separating dissolved substances from one another

8. Fractional Distillation is a method used to separate a liquid from a mixture of two or more liquids

9. Simple Distillation is a method for separating the solvent (the liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution) from a solution

10. Rf = distance moved by the compound ÷ distance moved by the solvent

11. In the UK drinking water comes from rivers, lakes and aquifers

12. The water from these sources are stored in reservoirs

13. Issues with reserviors

    • Fish and bird faeces
    • Bacteria growth
    • Rain is acidic
    • Tree debris, gravel and soil

14. 1. Sedimentation tank - sediment and other insoluble particle settle out

15. 2. Filtration tower - Small and micro particles are removed

16. 3. Chlorination - Non toxic amount of chlorine added to kill bacteria

17. Main Stages in treating fresh water to make it safe to drink: