Chapter 2

Chapter 2

1. Dual Court Systems in the U.S.

   • Jurisdiction
     • Geographical Jurisdiction & Venue
     • Hierarchical Jurisdiction and Court Structure
     • Trial Courts and Original Jurisdiction
     • Appellate Courts and Appellate Jurisdiction
     • Nature of Mandatory and Discretionary Appellate Jurisdiction
     • Concurrent and Exclusive Jurisdiction

2. Federal Courts

   • Federal District Courts
   • Federal Circuit Courts of Appeals
   • U.S. Supreme Court
   • Federal Courts Not Included in Article III
   • State Courts

3. Preliminary Pretrial Criminal Procedings

   • Charging
     • Prosecutorial Discretion
     • The Complaint
     • Affidavits
     • Warrant or Summons Issued on the Complaint
   • Initial Appearance
   • Bail
   • Preliminary Hearing
   • Indictments and Informations
     • Grand Jury
     • Waiver of Right to Grand Jury Indictment
     • Warrants or Summons Issued on the Indictment
   • Arraignment and Pleas
     • Pleas
     • Requirements of Guilty Pleas and Nolo Contendere Pleas
     • Judicial Approval of Guilty Pleas and Nolo Contendere Pleas
     • Pleading Insane
   • Plea Bargaining
   • Preparing for Trial
     • Motions
     • Depositions
     • Discovery
     • Exculpatory Evidence
     • Impeachment Material
     • Subpoenas
     • Competency to Stand Trial
   • Evidence & Burdens of Proof

4. Motions to Suppress Evidence and the Exclusionary Rule

   • The Exclusionary Rule Requires State Action
   • Federal-State Conflicts on the Exclusionary Rule
   • Criticism of the Exclusionary Rule
   • Alternatives to the Exclusionary Rule
     • Criminalize Certain Conduct
     • Job-Related Discipline
     • Civil Lawsuits
       • Connick v. Thompson Case Study
   • Fruit of the Poisonous tree Doctrine
   • Exceptions to the Fruit of the Poisonous Tree Doctrine
     • Independent Source
     • Attenuation
     • Inevitable Discovery
     • Good Faith
       • Herring v. United States Case Study
   • Standing to Assert an Exclusionary Rule Claim