Particle Model of Matter Mindmap

Particle Model of Matter Mindmap

1. Three states of Matter

   • Solid
     • Contains particles in a fixed pattern, shape and size
   • Liquid
     • Are a fixed size but the particles are free to move
   • Gas
     • Have large gaps between particles, making them compressiable thefore enabling them to change shape and size.

2. Density

   • The Density of a material is its mass per volume

3. Change of state

   • A change of state is reversible
   • Energy for change of state= mass*specific latent heat
   • At the melting point or boiling point, the energy being added causes the change in state not temp

4. Specific Latenet Heat

   • The latent heat of fusion is the energy needed for a substance to change form solid to liquid (melt).
   • The latent heat of vaporisation is the energy needed for a substance to change from liquid to gas (boil).
   • At certain pressures some substances have a boiling point that is the same or lower than their melting point.
     • These substances change form solid to a gas without having a liquid phase in the middle , this is called sublimation.
       • The reverse process, changing drom gsa to a solid, is called desublimation

5. Particle Motion and Pressure in Gases

   • The particles, in gas, are in constant random motion and its temp is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles.
     • When the particles of a gas collide with the walls of their container they exert force on the wall, which is felt as pressure.
       • If the temp is increased but the volume is not it will increase the speed of the particles.
         • This therefore inceases the frequency and force with which the particles hit the walls and increase pressure

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