Contemporary Intelligence Theories

Contemporary Intelligence Theories

1. Gardner's Multiple Intelligences

   • issues regarding IQ testing (superficial, biases)
     • differentiates intelligence into specific 'modalities', rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability
       • REMEMBER: I LOVE BEER SO MUCH, LITRE IS NOT ENOUGH
         • Intelligence should NOT include: emotion, morality, will, ethics or personality
           • PROS: neuropsych evidence, non western views,
             • CONS: how do we measure each intelligence? Are they all equally important?
               • Sternberg's Triarchic Theory
                 • Analytical, Creative Practical
                   • ANALYTICAL= COMPONENTIAL
                     • Academic, G measured via IQ testing
                       • CREATIVE= EXPERENTiAL
                         • deal with novel situations + solve problems previously encountered
                           • PRACTICAL= CONTEXTUAL
                             • Manipulate environment, adapting, selecting, shaping
                               • COMPONENTIAL SUB THEORY
                                 • METACOMPONENTS: recognising problem, stratergy developing & evaluating and monitoring
                                   • Performance components Processes that operate according to the plans laid down
                                     • Knowledge-acquisition components Acquiring and learning new materials Selective encoding (relevant from irrelevant) Selective combination (putting new information together) Selective comparison (comparing new info with old info)
                                       • PROS: comprehensive, cultural values, analyitcal aspects best indicator of success
                                         • CONS: are all intelligences equally important?
                                           • Cattell- Horn- Carrol
                                             • theory on the structure of human cognitive abilities
                                               • developed using psychometrics