Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Role of Y chromosome in cancer
- Sex differences in risk and incedence of diseases
- 32 of 36 cancers types
male preference of
mortality
- Major genetic
differences: Y
chromosome
- Prone to X-linked mutations
- Y Chromosome
- Three regions
- MSY
- 23 genes and multiple pseudogenes
- No meiotic recombination
- Two groups
- Group 1
- ubiquitously
- Balanced expresion
crucial for maintain
healthy conditions in
men
- Group 2
- Specifically testis
- Diverse functions than X homologs
- Major Locci
- TDF
- GBY
- short arm proximal to centromere
- AZF
- long arm
- PAR1 and PAR2
- 20 protein coding-genes
- Are present in X and Y chromosome
- Meiotic recombination
- Heterochromatin region Yq
- Y linked genes and cancer
- TSPY and RMY
ectopically expressed in
disease
- Normally expressed in
testicular germ cells
- Y chromosome
genes influence liver
cancer
- Testis Specific Protein(TSPY)
- Expressed in:
gonocytes,
spermatogonia
and prophase
- Could promote gonadoblastoma and GCTs
- Express in some somatic cancer including
liver cancer, melanoma and prostate
cancer
- Member of SE
translocation
assembly
protein1 (SET/NAP1)
- Histone chaperone
(Shuttin and
assembling)
- Inhibitor of INHAT
- INHAT inhibits histone acetylation
- Suppress expresion genes
- Overexpression: reduces G2/M phase
- Accelerate cell proliferation
- TSPY and TSPX same ancestor
- Contrasting roles
- 5 type of GCTs
- Type-I
- Teratoma sac tumor
- Type-II
- Seminomatous GCTs
- Type-III
- permatocytic
seminoma
- Type-IV
- Dermoid Cyst
- Type-V
- hydatidiform mole
- Overexpression of
TSPX retards cell
proliferation