Tissue Types In The Body

Tissue Types In The Body

1. Epithelial Tissue

   • Pseudostratified Columnar
     • Looks Like: -single layer of elongated cells -appear striated -often have cilia and goblet cells
     • Found In: -respiratory passages
     • Functions To: -secrete mucus
   • Simple Columnar
     • Looks Like: -single layer of elongated cells -nuclei near basement membrane -sometimes possess cilia and microvilli -often have goblet cells
     • Found In: -uterus -stomach -intestines
     • Functions To: -absorb -secrete mucus, enzymes, and other substances -ciliated types propel mucus
   • Simple Squamous
     • Looks Like: -single layer of flat cells
     • Functions To: -allows substances to pass easily by diffusion and filtration
     • Found In: -air sacs -blood vessels -lymphatic vessels
   • Simple Cuboidal
     • Looks Like: -single layer of cube shaped cells
     • Found In: -kidney tubules -ovaries -lining of ducts of some glands
     • Functions To: -absorb and secrete
   • Transitional
     • Found In: -urinary bladder -ureters -part of urethra
     • Functions To: -accommodate the fluctuation of liquid in an organ
     • Looks Like: -many cell layers -cube shaped and elongated cells
   • Stratifed Squamous
     • Looks Like: -many cell layers -top cells are flat
     • Found In: -outer layer of skin -oral cavity -vagina -anal canal
     • Functions To: -protect underlying tissue in areas subject to abraison
   • Stratified Cuboidal
     • Functions To: -protect tissue
     • Found In: -ducts of mammary glands, salivary glands, sweat glands, and the pancreas
     • Looks Like: -two to three layers -cube shaped cells
   • Stratified Columnar
     • Looks Like: -top layer of elongated cells -cube shaped cells in deeper layers
     • Found In: -part of male urethra -part of pharnyx
     • Functions To: -protect and secrete

2. Muscle Tissue

   • Skeletal Muscle
     • -attached to bone -striated -voluntary -many nuclei
   • Smooth Muscle
     • -found in walls of organs, skin, and walls of blood vessels -involuntary -non striated -one large nucleus per cell
   • Cardiac Muscle
     • -found in heart wall -involuntary -striated -intercalated discs -single nucleus

3. Connective Tissue

   • Connective Tissue Proper
     • Dense Connective Tissue
       • Looks Like: -few fibroblasts -packed collagenous fibers -elastic fibers
       • Found In: -tendons (muscle to bone) -ligaments (bone to bone) -dermis
       • Functions To: -bind body parts together
     • Elastic Connective Tissue
       • Found In: -walls of large arteries -airways -heart
       • Functions To: -attachment to bone -allows recoil of tissue after stretching
       • Looks Like: -abundant in elastic fibers -some collegenous fibers -fibroblasts
     • Reticular Connective Tissue
       • Looks Like: -composed of reticular fibers
       • Found In: -liver -spleen -lymphatic organs
       • Functions To: -support internal organ walls
     • Loose Connective Tissue
       • Looks Like: -many fibroblasts -fluid to gel like matrix -collagenous and elastic fibers
       • Functions To: -bind skin to structures
       • Found In: -beneath most epithelia -between muscles
     • Adipose Tissue
       • Looks Like: -adipocytes (can crowd other tissues)
       • Found In: -beneath skin -behind eyeballs -around kidneys and heart
       • Functions To: -cushion -insulate -store fat (for energy)
   • Specialized Connective Tissue
     • Cartilage
       • Elastic
         • -flexible (elastic fibers) -found in external ear, larnyx
       • Hyaline
         • -most abundant -found in ends of bones, nose, respiratory passages, embryonic skeleton
       • Fibrocartilage
         • -very tough (collagenous fibers) -shock absorber -found in intervertebral discs, pads of knee, and pelvic girdle
       • Looks Like: -rigid matrix
       • Functions To: -supports and protects underlying tissue
     • Bone
       • Functions To: -form blood cells -attachment for muscles -support -protect
       • Looks Like: -solid matrix (mineral salts)
       • Found In: -skeleton -osteocytes in lacunae
     • Blood
       • Found In: -all throughout the body in blood vessels -heart
       • Functions To: -transport -defend -involved in clotting
       • Looks Like: -fluid matrix called plasma -red blood cells and white blood cells -platelets

4. Nervous Tissue

   • Looks Like: -functional cells are neurons
   • Found In: -brain -spinal cord -peripheral nerves
   • Functions To: -help supply nutrients to neurons by connecting them to blood vessels -play a role in cell-to-cell division -sensory reception -conduction of nerve impulses -neurological cells support and bind nervous tissue components