Situations

Situations

1. Tense

   • The marking of time

2. The verb "have" changes the tense giving the forms

   • have, had, will have.

3. 3 important dimensions

   • Type
     • label for the typology of situations encoded
   • Tense
     • The “now” of speaking or writing
   • Aspect
     • How to describe the situation

4. Verbs and situation types

   • Stative verbs
     • Does not focus on the beginning or end
   • Dynamic verbs
     • Can be classified into a number of types
       • Based on
         • Semantic distinctions
     • Events
     • Process
   • The first distinction
     • Durative
       • verbs which describe a situation
     • Punctual
       • describes an event that seems
     • The second distinction
       • Telic
         • processes which having a natural completion
       • Atelic
         • can continue indefinitely

5. A system of situation types

   • Speakers use their knowledge
   • Similarly some verbs are inherently stative

6. Tense and aspect

   • Time of speaking

7. Past events as presente tense

   • Historical present
     • It gives to a description

8. Perfectives and imperfectives

   • Perfectives
     • views a situation externally
   • Imperfectives
     • making explicit reference

9. Modality

   • cover term for devices
     • There are a number of possible linguistic strategies
   • Sentence can be emmbeded

10. Eepistemic and deotic

    • use an epistemic modal to imply a deontic interpretation

11. Conditional sentence

    • alsoset up hypotetical situations
    • Realis/irrealis modality
      • this two-term modal distintion

12. Mood

    • Including advers and modal verbs
      • Are marked by verbs endings
        • from distinct cojugations