Zusammenfassung der Ressource
AQA Chemistry [C2] Part 1
- Bonding
- Ionic
- Metals and
non-metals
- Metals
- Lose
electrons
- Positive
ions
- Non-metals
- Gain
electrons
- Negative
ions
- Compounds
held by
strong
forces
- Giant
stucture
or lattice
- Strong
electrostatic
forces
- Each ion
surrounded
by ions of
the negative
charge
- Held
firmly in
place
- Covalent
- Non-metals
- Two atoms
share
electrons
- Group 7
- Gain one
electron
- Form
single
bond
- Metallic
- Electrons in
highest energy
shell delocalise
- Move freely
between
each other
- A lattice of +
ions in a sea
of moving
electrons
- Delocalised
electrons attract
- How much?
- Reversible
reactions
- Products
react to
make
original
reactants
- Analysing
substances
- Identify
food
additives
- Paper
chromatography
- Detect
artificial
colours
- Solvent is allowed
to move through
the paper
- Compounds
separated using gas
chromatography
- Identified
using a mass
spectrometer
- Find relative
molecular
mass
- From its
molecular
ion peak
- Structure and
Properties
- Giant ionic
structures
- Strong
electrostatic
forces
- Solid at room
temperature
- High
melting
and
boiling
point
- Conduct
- Molten
- Ions
free to
move
- Water
- Water
molecules
split
lattice
- Simple
molecules
- Low melting
and boiling point
- Intermolecular
forces are weak
- Do not
conduct
- No
overall
charge
- Giant
covalent
structures
- Very
high
melting
points
- Diamond
- Form of
carbon
- Carbon atom
bonded with
four other
carbon atoms
- Makes diamond hard
- Transparent
- Graphite
- Carbon atom
bonded with
three other
carbon atoms
- No
covalent
bonds
- Slide
over each
other
- Weak
intermolecular
bonds
- Graphite =
slippery
and grey
- One
electron is
delocalised
- Allow graphite to
conduct heat and
electricity
- Giant
metallic
structures
- Alloys
- Mixtures of
metals
- Different
sized
atoms
- Distort
the
layers
- More
difficult
to slide
- Harder
than pure
metals
- Shape
memory
alloys
- Bent/
deformed
into
different
shape
- Conduct
heat and
electricity
- Delocalised
electrons
- Polymers
- Depends on
the monomers
- Thermosetting
polymers
- Do not
soften or
melt
- Thermosoftening
polymers
- Forces
are
weak
- When heated,
polymer becomes
soft
- Weak
intermolecular
forces are
broken
- Nanoscience
- Study of
small
particles
- Very
large
surface
area