Cost and sustainability

Cost and sustainability

1. when choosing a material we consider both intric and attribute properties (going to focus in the last ones here)

2. materials cycle: 1.Either raw materials or recycle7reuse for synthesis and processing 2. Engineered materials 3. Product desing, manufacturate and assembly 4. Aplications 5. Waste (...)

3. COST

   • Fluctuates as rich deposists are depleted & energy cost increases
     • recyling materials reduce energy use significantly
   • 1. Financial
     • cost/tonne: depends on
       • material
         • supply and demand
       • commody markets (current state of the world market)
       • politics and even weather
     • Relative cost, , fluctuates less over time than actual cost (eq- using ref material)
       • production cost depends on how concentrated are the material
     • energy
       • getting the material out of the ground + purifying and distilling
       • transport + end of life costs
   • 2. Proccesing costs (manufactured) + 3 enviromental (extraction/production, resources available and recyclability)

4. Availability figure

5. Response to shortages

   • More efficient design
   • Replace: Direct substitution and change technology to use more available materials
   • recycle or reuse
     • Advantages
       • reduced pollution emissions + reduced landfill deposits
     • Issues
       • Product must be disassembled or shredded to recover materials
       • Collection and transportation costs are significant factors in recycling economics
     • materials
       • metals
         • alluminium more recycle: more energy efficient and produce less waste (pollution)
         • difficult to recycle those susceptible to corrosion
           • also toxic metals are difficutl to reprocess and should not be added to landfills
       • glass(most common commercial ceramics)
         • little economic incentive since its material inexpensive and large cost in transportation dude to high density and need to separate by colours
       • polymers
         • A) Thermoplastic (easy)
           • properties degraded in each reuse
           • grind, melt or extrude into new product -- need to be sorted by polymer type
         • B)Thermosetting (difficult)
           • can be ground up and use as a filter
           • depolymerize to make monomer

6. + examples replaced materials and reuses of diff materials