Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Malcolm X info
- Assassination
- when leave NOI, FBI hear
Elijah Muhammad ordered
assassination
- 1964 - many attempts on life e.g.
firebomb destroys home
- Feb 1965 - shot 15 times at close range
- 3 NOI men convicted
- OAAU
- Organisation of Afro-American Unity
- set up after leaves NOI
- bad relationship with Elijah
(jealous of x's attention) and X
embarrasses NOI sometimes
- want to re-educate black
Americans - economic security
- voter reg campaigns, school boycotts, rent strikes
for bad housing, drug addict programmes, make
new textbooks, develop new teaching methods
- see link between issue of white
oppression and anti-colonial
struggle in Africa
- Early Life
- Tragic
- Father murdered by white supremacists
when young (involved in negro
organisations)
- Mother - nervous breakdown (mixed race)
- sent children to foster homes
- BlackLegion (like KKK) torch home
- evidence by Black Legion but Milwaukee police deny
- family put in poverty
- Move to Boston when teen
- involved in crime after low-paid jobs
- imprisoned 1946 for 10 years
- joins Nation of Islam
- affected by its message
- changed lifestyle
- rejects name Litte and
changes to X - name given to
father by his owner
- after prison = very influential in NOI
- 1952-53 = triple members in Detroit
- 1957-59 = number of temples = 27-49
- drop out of school even though
great student - teacher says his
want to be a lawyer
- = 'no realistic goal for a nigger'
- 3 uncles murdered by whites
- MLK Criticisms
- Malcolm X critical of him and civil rights
movement for 3 reasons
- 1) organisations like NAACP
taken in by US myths and trust
US system
- so never set black people free
- said MLK was paid by
government to promote
christian love/forgiveness
- means can't effectively fight for rights
- Malcolm promotes self-defence
and gun ownership
- says more powerful than peaceful protest - makes look weak
- says aim of integration = wrong
- would lead to new oppression
- formatin of black lower class
- Nation of Islam
- Organisation
- Founded 1930
- by Wallace Fard Muhammad
- disappear 1934
- Elijah Muhammad takes over
- says work hard, stay pure
- so not seduced by drugs,
alcohol, cigarettes, sex, coffee,
pork, jazz, blues, gambling,
prostitution, cinema
- forms of black enslavement
- result in self-improvement
- have dignity in this
- Teaching
- black people created by Allah
- White people created by
evil scientist Yacub
- incapable of goodness
- but over time enslave all that are not white
- black supremacism
- superiority
- want Black Separatism
- black people = only be free when
living completely separate
- Malcolm X agrees
- self-governing all-black state
- North America
- this should be a CHOICE
- appealing
- young black working class men in
northern cities
- try escape drugs, prostitution, gambling
- self-discipline
- black ex-convicts
- 90% members at NY's Temple
Number Seven have records
- almost none re-offend
- 'clean yourself up, stand up and
do something for yourself'
- inspiration
- Black Nationalism
- MLK wants American nationalism
- X doesn't agree, says American values
based on white supremacism
- alternative
- means 2 things
- political
- self-governing
- economic
- control economy in community