Modes of Operation / Spooling

Modes of Operation / Spooling

1. Batch Processing

   • When one or more programs are submitted to the computer as a job or queue to await processing
     • Programs also contain the relevant data needed
   • No interaction between user and computer
     • This means that processing can be done at off-peak times
       • E.g Overnight
   • Usually associate with mainframes
   • Electricity bills are an example of batch processing
     • All the meter readings from premises that use electricity are collected together
       • Then processed as a batch.

2. Real Time Control

   • A mode of operation where data received by the computer is immediately processed
     • Stored data is updated
       • Any necessary actions are then taken
   • Computers which use real time control are dedicated
     • This means that it does nothing else
   • E.g Process-Control System
     • Inputted data from sensors is processed immediately
       • Analysed and any necessary actions taken without any delay
   • Many modern manufacturing processes are examples of real time control systems
   • Other examples include:
     • Flight simulators
     • Computer guided missiles
     • Air traffic control systems

3. Real Time Transaction

   • An online system which processes individual but discrete transactions as they occur
   • A transaction is received by the computer
     • The data stored is immediately updated
       • The system is therefore always up to date
   • This can prevent issues like two people making the same hotel booking
   • Examples include:
     • Holiday booking system
     • Supermarket stock control system
     • Online internet store

4. Spooling

   • Spooling

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