SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION MODELS

SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION MODELS

1. SOCIOLINGUISTIC

   • Acculturation model Schumann (1978)
     • Social and psychological distance between the L and the TL culture
       • language shock
       • cultural shock
       • motivation
       • ego boundaries
       • Pidginisation
         • very basic grammar structures
           • Fossilization of language
   • Nativisation model Andersen (1979)
     • Denativisation
       • accomodation
     • Assimilation
   • Accomodation model Giles and Byrne (1982)
     • Multilingual environments
     • Learner's social group (ingroup)
     • target language community (outgroup)

2. LINGUISTIC

   • Discourse Theory Hatch (1978)
     • Natural route
     • Negotiation of meaning
     • Conversational strategies
   • The variable competence Ellis at al., (1874)
     • Process
       • Theoretical Knowledge
       • Procedural knowledge
     • Product
       • Discourse types
   • Universal Hypothesis Chomsky (1976,1986)
     • Structures in common (UNIVERSALS)
     • Universal Grammar
       • Core Grammar
         • Rules the the child discovers with help of UG
       • Elements nos constrained by UG
   • Swain's Output thesis
     • Noticing Function
     • Hypothesis-testing function
     • Metalinguistic function

3. COGNITIVE

   • Monitor model Krashen (1981,82,85)
     • Acquisition
     • Natural Order
     • Monitor Hyphotesis
     • Input Hyphotesis
     • Affective filter
   • Mc Laughlin's Information Processing model (1978,1990)
     • Routinisation
     • Restructuring
   • The multidimensional model Clahsen et., al (1983)
     • Developmental stages
     • individual language variation
     • Formal Instruction
   • Neurofunctional theory Lamendella (1979)
     • Language
     • Brain
       • Left Hemisphere
         • Comprehension and production of language

4. Parallel distributed Processing (1986)

   • Knowledge is activated by connections in the brain
   • Input was essential
   • Learning is a gradual process

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