Mindmap

Christianity

Charlotte Saul Relgion Englisch

Inhalt der Mindmap

Christianity

Origins
- outline the historical and cultural context in which Christianity began
  - ❖ Originates from Judaism
    - ➢ Jews had been enslaved throughout history
    - ➢ Homeland of the Jews was taken over by the Greek Empire
    - ➢ Jews awaited the Messiah
      - ■ Free them of oppression
    - ➢ Sectarianism
  - ❖ During Christ’s life, King Herod Antipas ruled Galilee
    - ➢ Judea was controlled by Pontius Pilate (Roman)
  - ❖ Roman government practised syncretism
    - ➢ Acceptance of all religious beliefs and teachings
      - ■ Clash with Jews - were monotheistic
        ● Believed in 2 types of people: Jews and Gentiles (non-Jewish)
  - ❖ Jewish governing system included:
    - ➢ The Pharisees (the People’s party) - conformed to Jewish law
      - ■ Didn’t believe Jesus was the Messiah
    - ➢ Sadducees - wealthy leaders who rejected traditions in favor of cooperation with the Romans
      - ■ Wanted to preserve ancient Jewish traditions
  - ❖ Population was heavily taxed - tax collectors were “traitors”
- examine the principal events of Jesus’ life
  - Early Life
    - ❖ Descendant of David
    - ❖ Born to Mary + Joseph in Bethlehem
    - ❖ Fled to Egypt with parents to escape King Herod
      - ➢ Returned to Israel after Herod’s death
    - ❖ Found in the temple after the passover
    - ❖ Baptised in the River Jordan by John the Baptist
  - Public ministry
    - ❖ Taught Beatitudes and commandment of love
    - ❖ Ministry began in Galilee
    - ❖ Performed miracles
      - ➢ Healed, blessed and forgave
    - ❖ Parables
    - ❖ Prophesied himself as the messiah
  - Journey to death
    - ❖ Fulfilled the scriptures
    - ❖ Palm Sunday - journey to Jerusalem
    - ❖ Last supper - passover with the disciples
    - ❖ Betrayed by Judas and denied by Peter
    - ❖ Crucified - 12 stations of the cross
      - ➢ Dies due to his commitment to bless all people
    - ❖ Was raised on the third day
- explain why Jesus is the model for Christian life
  - ❖ His life demonstrates the way to live for God and others
  - ❖ Life demonstrates way to eternal life through faithfulness
  - ❖ Gives hope in forgiveness and an afterlife
  - ❖ Was baptised
  - ❖ Followed the scriptures
  - ❖ Social prophet:
    - ➢ Healed by touching those who were seen as unclean
    - ➢ Spoke to women, affirmed Mary’s position as a disciple - challenged taboos of his time
    - ➢ Challenged the purity society - ate with tax collectors and “rejects” of society
  - ❖ Deep faith in the divine
- describe the early development of Christian communities after the death of Jesus
  - 4 major stages
    - Stage 1: Jesus’ death and resurrection
      - ➢ Announced at Pentecost
      - ➢ Beginning of the Church
      - ➢ Death, resurrection + ascension announced
      - ➢ Jesus - Lord and Christ
      - ➢ First Church members - Nazarenes
        ■ Baptised
        ■ Broke bread - Eucharist
        ■ Respect for Apostles’ teachings
    - ❖ Stage 2: Church’s first lesson about expansion
      - ➢ Jews with aramaic background joined with Jews with Greek background (Hellenist)
        ■ Conflict
        ■ Hellenists left Jerusalem
      - ➢ First break - gospel message not tied to Jerusalem
      - ➢ Saul converted → Paul
        ■ Missionary
        ■ Helped spread Christianity
    - ❖ Stage 3: Church’s second lesson
      - ➢ Expansion + disagreement - Don’t need to be a Jew to be a disciple
      - ➢ Paul → Gospel was for all people
      - ➢ Converted didn’t need to be Christian + Jewish
      - ➢ Followers of Jesus were not Jews - not bound by Torah
      - ➢ Christianity diverged from Judaism
      - ➢ Church became universal
    - ❖ Stage 4: The Church expands though Paul’s missionary journeys
      - ➢ Took gospel to Asia + Europe
      - ➢ Established Christian communities
      - ➢ Wrote letters
        ■ Themes
        ● Faith
        ◆ Salvation = God’s gift
        ● Grace
        ◆ God loves us so we become good
        ● Crucifixion
        ◆ Died for our sins
        ● Church = body of Christ
        ● Paul the Apostle
- outline the unique features of:
  - Anglicanism
    - Church of England
      - ➢ Separation based on desires for divorce
      - ➢ Progressive
      - ➢ Female bishops
      - ➢ Centrality of bible
      - ➢ 2 sacraments - Baptism + holy communion
      - ➢ 4 services - confirmation, marriage, ordination, funerals
  - Catholicism
    - ➢ Existed from time of Jesus
    - ➢ Traditional
    - ➢ Guidance of holy spirit
  - Orthodoxy
    - ➢ Immersion baptism
    - ➢ Use of incense
  - Pentecostalism
    - ➢ Emphasis Holy Spirit’s gifts - Pentecost + Holy Spirit
    - ➢ Sermons + Scripture
    - ➢ Contemporary
  - Protestantism
    - ➢ Acknowledge baptism and eucharist as sacraments
    - ➢ Clergy can marry
  - ❖ Great schism - 1054
    - ➢ Divided Church into:
      - ■ Christianity
        ● Western Christian - Rome
      - ■ Orthodox
        ● Eastern Christian- Constantinople
  - ❖ Reformation - 16C
    - ➢ Catholic Church split into:
      - ■ Protestant Churches
        ● E.g. Lutherans, Baptists, Church of England, etc
      - ■ Roman Catholic Churches
Principal Beliefs
- outline the principal beliefs regarding the divinity and humanity of Jesus Christ
  - Completely human
  - Fully divine
  - Human person of Christ - through death and resurrection - reveals divine person of God
  - Equally both at the same time
- explain the importance of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ for Christians
  - Importance of Jesus’ death + resurrection
    - Jesus accepted himself to be the anointed one
      - Deliver of humankind
    - Brings Atonement: Satisfying of God’s demand for justice
      - Brings humankind to a right relationship with God
    - Hope for life after death
      - Eternal life
    - Transhistorical event - occurs beyond limits of time, space and human understanding
- outline the beliefs about the nature of God and of the Trinity
  - Beliefs of the Holy Trinity
    - Central mystery of Christianity - beyond mystery
    - Divine nature of God shared by 3 persons
      - When 1 acts, so too do the others
    - Father + Son + Holy spirit
    - God - Father/ creator
    - Jesus
- examine the Christian understanding of revelation
  - Disclosure by God of what was previously unknown
  - Christianity is a revealed religion:
    - God revealed through will + law to humanity
    - Recorded in Old Testament
    - Prophets spoke of the coming saving revelation
  - Climax of God’s revelation - life of Jesus Christ + sending of the Holy Spirit
    - Jesus = agent, process and content of God’s revelation
- describe the Christian understanding of salvation
  - Forgiveness of sins
  - Belief that humans require deliverance by God from sin + darkness
    - Sin + darkness introduced due to actions of Adam and Eve
  - Where humans are saved or brought to fullness of life by God
    - Sent his only son as Messiah
  - Soul is the core of Christian spiritual life
    - Made in the image of God
    - Souls have inclination towards god
      - Impaired by sin
    - Soul endures after death
  - Grace of God needed for salvation
    - Merciful + forgiving
  - Last judgement - Christ will come again
    - Second coming - judges all souls - will resurrect into final state
Sacred Texts and Writings
- identify the importance of the Bible in Christianity
  - The Bible
    - Collection of writings
      - Divine and human origin
    - Accepted as authoritative for belief + practice
    - Aka Scripture or Holy Scripture
    - ❖ Divided into:
      - Old Testament - 39 books (Jewish tradition)
        Jewish heritage
        Jews are God’s chosen people
      - New Testament - 27 books
        Gospels
        Synoptic gospels
        Matthew, Mark + Luke
        Jesus’ public ministry
        John’s gospel
        Reflections of Jesus as the divine son
        Acts of the Apostles
        Letters of early followers of Jesus
        Revelation of John
    - No new writings can be added
  - Importance
    - Source of beliefs + practices - base
    - Important in lives of believers
    - Used in liturgy
    - Guidelines for Christian behaviour
    - Teaches nature of God’s ministry + Jesus’ teachings
    - Basis for moral + ethical principles
    - History
    - Traditions
    - Sense of purpose
    - Hope for future
  - Bible beliefs
    - Jesus is the:
      - Lord
      - Wisdom of God
      - Son of man
    - Holy Spirit was poured out at Pentecost - birth of Church
    - Jesus is conceived by the power of the Holy spirit
  - Everyday lives of believers
    - Used in basic rituals and sacraments
    - Used in liturgical cycle of Church
    - Central to morality and ethics of believers
    - Acknowledges relationship between God + humanity
- examine extracts from the Bible which demonstrate the principal beliefs of Christianity
  - Divinity + humanity of Jesus Christ
    - John 1:14
      - “The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us. We have seen his glory, the glory of the One and Only, who came from the Father, full of grace and truth”
  - Death + resurrection of Christ
    - Luke 9:22
      - “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests and teachers of the law, and he must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.”
  - The nature of the trinity
    - Matthew 28:19
      - “Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the father and of the Son and tf the Holy Spirit”
  - Revelation
    - John 2:34
      - “For the one whom God has sent speaks the words of God, for God gives the spirit without limit”
Core Ethical Teachings
- outline the principal ethical teachings in:
  - the Ten Commandments
    - ❖ Important laws dictated by God
      - ➢ Given to Moses
    - ❖ Represent relationships with God and fellow humans
    - ❖ Values
      - Reverence for human life
      - Belief in God
      - Loyalty
      - Obedience
      - Respect
  - the Beatitudes
    - Spoken by Jesus
      - States that certain people will be blessed with happiness
      - Those who are obedience, loyal and devoted to God
      - The less fortunate
    - Values
      - Patience
      - Peace
      - Justice
      - Acceptance
    - Example
      - The patient shall inherit the Earth
      - Those who are poor in spirit shall be given the kingdom of heaven
      - Those who are pure of heart shall see God
  - Jesus’ commandment of love
    - Matthew 22:37 - 39
      - Jesus replied: ‘Love the Lord with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’ This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbour as yourself.’
    - Message → love God, love your neighbour, love one another
    - Values
      - Love
      - Selflessness
      - compassion
- describe the importance of ethical teachings in the life of adherents
  - Provides guidance
  - Sense of direction
  - Informed moral choices
  - Foundational principles
  - Guides the actions of Christians
Personal Devotion
- describe the different types of personal prayer
  - Vocal prayer
    - Use of words - recited, spoken or sung
    - Traditional prayers - Hail Mary, Lord’s Prayer
    - Some include prescribed formula - Rosary
  - Mental prayer
    - Process of reflection involving the mind, imagination and will
    - Christians aid for God’s help
    - Meditation - exercising of one’s spiritual memory
  - Importance
    - Acknowledges existence of relationship between God + humanity
    - Allows followers to act in a Christian way
      - Directions when feeling alone
      - Sense of community
    - Brings believers into contact with the mysteries of their faith
      - Way of reaching out to others

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Beschreibung: Relgion Mindmap am Christianity, erstellt von Charlotte Saul am 16/08/2019.
Erstellt von: Charlotte Saul
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Christianity

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