Foundations and Electronics

Foundations and Electronics

1. Electronics: A branch of the study of electricity that deals with the behavior and motion of electrons in a vacuum or in special materials

   • The field of electrons opened up main avenues of technology.
     • The cathode rays: because the particles were emitted from the cathode.
     • Thermionic Emission: while experimenting with a prototype incandescent lamp in 1875.
       • Types of transistor: Junction transistor, Fieldeffect transistor and point contact transistor
         • Semiconductors lasers: semiconductors can even be used to make tiny lasers.
           • Integrated circuits are much cheaper to manufacture than separate components.
             • Hardware: most of the computers hardware can be divided into three basics system.
               • Software: stored information and instructions that direct the computer to perform some tasks.

2. Vacuum Tube: A glass tube containing electrodes sealed in a vacuum

   • Electrons enter the vacuum tube through the cathode and leave through the anode.
     • Semiconductors: is a material that is neither a good conductor nor a good insulator.
       • Because the doping process adds more free electrons and more holes for them to move into, increases the conductivity of a semiconductor.
         • Integrated Circuit: are commonly called ´´Chips´´
           • Electronic Computer: a device that processes information using electronic circuit.
             • Computer prefixes: although bytes are the fundamental unit of data storage in computers, for practical purposes much larger units are needed.
               • Hard disk drive: a typical hard disk drive stores information as a series of microscopic.
                 • Robotics: is a versatile, computer- directed machine that can be programmed to do different tasks.