Electronics

Electronics

1. It's a branch of study of electricity that deals with the behavior and motion of electrons in a vacuum or in special materials.

   • Usually, electricity requires a conductor, such as wire, to travel from one place to another.
     • In the 1850s, however, scientists discovered that electricity can travel through a vacuum, even without a conductor, because electricity consists of individual particles capable of moving without a medium.
       • A glass tube containing electrodes sealed in a vacuum is called a vacuum tube.

2. Cathode Rays cross the gap between electrodes in a vacuum.

   • The Cathode-Ray tube, was designed so that the streams of electrons would miss the anode and strike the end of the glass tube instead.
     • Vladimir Zavorykin invented the television picture tube.
       • A cathode-ray tube designed to generate x-rays is and x-rays tube.

3. A semiconductor is a material that is neither a good conductor nor a good insulator.

   • A transistor is a semiconductor device that can perform the same functions as a vacuum-tube triode, such as a "switch" and amplifying weak signals.

4. Integrated Circuits are much cheaper to manufacture than separate components; a second advantage is that they are much more reliable than separate components; the third advantage of integrated circuit chips is their extremely small size.

   • A computer is a device that processes information using electronic circuits. Data are pieces of information.
     • The first modern computer created was the ENIAC
       • The "brain" of a computer is the central processing unit, or CPU.
         • RAM stands for random-access memory; ROM stands for read-only memory
           • The Data Measuring Units are Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte.