Separating

Separating

1. Simple Distillation

   • Used to separate a liquid from a solution
   • Heat is used to evaporate the liquid
     • Cold water in a tube around the liquid condenses it
       • It is then collected

2. Fractional Distillation

   • It is used to separate several liquids with different boiling points
   • Fractional Distillation is very similar to simple distillation
   • Except Fractional Distillation has glass balls which the liquid with the higher boiling point will evaporate
   • Fractional Distillation is used to separate different parts of crude oil

3. Chromatography

   • Chromatography is used to separate a substance such as ink into it's different compounds
   • The inks are put on a baseline (which is drawn in pencil)
     • The Chromatography paper (which has the inks on) is then dipped in a liquid such as water or ethanol the point at which the liquid comes up to must be below the base line
       • The inks will then dissolve and run up the paper

4. Filtration

   • Used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
   • The mixture is pored into the Filter paper
     • Only the Liquid will be able to get through the wholes of the filter paper

5. Crystallisation

   • This method is used to obtain a salt which contains water of crystallisation from a salt solution
   • To do this heat the salt solution then leave for the water to evaporate off

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